Head in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground A Practical Look at Architectural Challenges and Opportunities in the Cloud  Gianpaolo Carraro Platform Architecture Microsoft Corporation SYMP04

Symposium About the ‘puzzle’, fitting the pieces together

Code: How?Architecture: What/When? Business: Why? Session 1 Expanding Applications to the Cloud Session 2 Making Enterprise Grade Cloud Applications Session 3 Cloud or No Cloud, the Laws of Physics Still Apply

1 gallon of fuel -> ¼ ton of ‘freight’ ; 20 miles1 gallon of fuel -> 1 ton of freight ; 436 miles Economy of Scale LowHigh Control HighLow but Can mostly go from A to B Leaves 2x day at 9.12am and 11.14pm but Can goes anywhere there is a road Ready to go anytime

Economy of Scale LowHigh Control HighLow Build vs. Buy

Economy of Scale LowHigh Control HighLow On premises vs. in the cloud

Application runs on-premises Buy my own hardware, and manage my own data center Application runs on-premises Buy my own hardware, and manage my own data center Application runs at a hoster Co-location or Managed servers Application runs at a hoster Co-location or Managed servers Application runs using cloud services “cloud fabric” (elastic, infini-scale) Application runs using cloud services “cloud fabric” (elastic, infini-scale) Economy of Scale LowHigh Control HighLow

“Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build vs. Buy Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster “Home Built” Application An application that I develop and run myself “Home Built” Application An application that I develop and run myself Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud Maximum Economy of Scale All acceptable options (trade off) Maximum Control “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor

“Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System Issue Tracking ERP “Too costly to run this myself, but I’ve made too many customizations” Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

“Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System Issue Tracking ERP “CRM and are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for someone else to run these” Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

“Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” ERP “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System Issue Tracking “I can’t afford to maintain this old HR application written in VB – it’s driving me mad!” “…but due to privacy issues, I prefer keeping my HR data on- premises” Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” ERP “Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research Issue Tracking HR System “I wish I had access to cheaper compute and storage when I need it” Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” ERP “Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research Issue Tracking HR System “THIS is where I want to spend my IT resources – I’m going to double down on this application!” Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” ERP “Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research Issue Tracking HR System Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud

Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” ERP “Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research Issue Tracking HR System Build vs. Buy Build Buy On premises vs. Cloud On premisesCloud “Run On Premises” Control SLA of Applications

Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” Hosted “Packaged” ERP “Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform Clinical Trial Molecule Research Issue Tracking HR System “Home Built” Control Features of Applications

“Packaged” Application “Packaged” Application “Home Built” Application “Home Built” Application Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System CRM ERP Hosted “Home Built” Hosted “Packaged” “Software as a Service” Cloud Platform “Crossing corporate boundaries!”

Identity Challenges Access Control AuthN, SSO, AuthZ Identity Lifecycle Identity Portability Interoperability

Identity Solution Federated ID Claim based Access Control accesscontrol.windows.net Geneva Fx Geneva Server Cardspace

Monitoring and Management Challenges SLA Monitoring Halting/Pausing/Throttling… Trigger action e.g. Backup

Management Solution Programmatic access to Health Model Synthetic Tx Management APIs Firewall friendly protocols SCOM MMC Powershell

Application Integration UI Integration Process Integration Data Integration servicebus.windows.net Oslo SSS Azure Storage Synch framework

(Session 2) Making Enterprise Grade Cloud Applications (Session 2) Making Enterprise Grade Cloud Applications

offered “as a service” “on premises” Cloud as a deployment option

powered by… server “cloud fabric” Cloud as an underlying platform

server “cloud fabric” “as a service” “on premises”

server “cloud fabric” “as a service” “on premises” Customer Choice

server “cloud fabric” “as a service” “on premises” Platform Choice

server “cloud fabric” “as a service” “on premises” Platform Choice

“powered by servers” “powered by cloud” 1 + Economy of Scale: Reduce CAPEX Pay as you go Capacity Planning Elastic “Infiniscale” Control: “Own” the SLA “Own” the data “Own” compliance

Server ‘Hosted Server’ Cloud Fabric

Two ‘instantiations’ of the cloud Hosted version of what you have been using so far Requires few changes if any to what you know and do New capabilities New cost structure Requires embracing a specific app model Windows Server ‘Hosted Server’ Compute Fabric SQL Server ‘Hosted SQL Server’ Storage Fabric … … … … … … What you have been using so far ………

Not a replacement Ask yourself: what ‘tool’ do I need?

Thread A Thread B Shared Count Count++ GetCount() 10 ? 13? Exception? 10 GetCount() 11 GetCount() Count++ GetCount() Count++ 11 Count++ 12

Thread A Thread B Shared Count [Begin Tx] GetCount() 12 GetCount() 13 Count Count++ [Commit Tx] wait until lock is released

Thread A Thread B Shared Count [Begin Tx] GetCount() Count wait until lock released 12 GetCount() Count [Commit Tx] PRO: Consistency CON: Availability (wait on lock)

Thread A Thread B Shared Count GetCount() 12 GetCount() 12 Q.PutMsg(“add”) 13 GetCount() Count Q.PutMsg(“add”) Queue Worker Q.GetMsg() GetCount() Count Q.GetMsg()

Internet Storage Tables LB Blobs Worker Service Web Site (ASPX, ASMX, WCF) Web Site (ASPX, ASMX, WCF) Web Site (ASPX, ASMX, WCF) Web Site (ASPX, ASMX, WCF) Web Site (ASPX, WCF) Web Site (ASPX, WCF) Queue Windows Azure Datacenter

server “cloud fabric” “as a service” “on premises” Customer Choice

The “Cloud” employees Clinical trial software Firewall Big Pharma “on premise” Management IT Directory STS supercloudysoftware.com SDS Azure Windows Azure accesscontrol (Identity) STS

SDS Windows Azure The “Cloud” employees Clinical trial software Firewall Big Pharma “on premises” Management IT Directory STS accesscontrol (Identity) STS Employees access software using the same identity (leverage existing AuthN/AuthZ policies) through accesscontrol.windows.net New Molecule Research goes to the cloud -Elastic compute -“Infini-store”

The “Cloud” employees Clinical trial software Clinical trial patients Firewall Big Pharma “on premise” Management IT Directory STS Windows Azure Internet Service Bus (Connectivity) Internet Service Bus (Identity) STSRelay

The “Cloud” employees Clinical trial software Clinical trial patients Firewall ME “on premises” Cloud StorageSTSRelay Cloud Compute Management IT Directory Windows Azure cloudysoftware.com Hosted Hoster STS

The “Cloud” employees Clinical trial software (big pharma data in purple) Clinical trial patients Firewall Internet Service Bus (Connectivity) ME “on premises” Cloud Storage (new molecule research in purple) Internet Service Bus (Identity) STSRelay Cloud Compute Management IT Directory Windows Strata cloudysoftware.com Hosted Hoster STS Everybody has a relationship with “the cloud”

Similar to utility companies that: produce average load buy/sell variance from average load” time Watt Internal production Actual consumption Buy Power from Grid Sell Power to Grid

ConsistencyAvailability tolerance to network Partition Dr. Eric A. Brewer, UC Berkeley

Enterprises ISVs

Code: How?Architecture: What/When? Business: Why? Session 1 Expanding Applications to the Cloud Session 2 Making Enterprise Grade Cloud Applications Session 3 Cloud or No Cloud, the Laws of Physics Still Apply

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