Lecturer : Muchdie, PhD in Economics  PhD in Economics, 1998, Dept. of Economics, The University of Queensland, Australia.  Post Graduate Diploma in Regional Dev.,1994, Dept. of Economics, The Univ. of Queensland, Australia.  MS in Rural & Regional Development Planning, 1986, Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor Appendix Chapter 1 The Basic of Demand, Supply and Equilibrium

 A decrease in the price of a good, all other things held constant, will cause an increase in the quantity demanded of the good.  An increase in the price of a good, all other things held constant, will cause a decrease in the quantity demanded of the good.

Quantity Price P0P0 Q0Q0 P1P1 Q1Q1 An increase in price causes a decrease in quantity demanded.

Quantity Price P0P0 Q0Q0 P1P1 Q1Q1 A decrease in price causes an increase in quantity demanded.

 Change in Buyers’ Tastes  Change in Buyers’ Incomes  Normal Goods  Inferior Goods  Change in the Number of Buyers  Change in the Price of Related Goods  Substitute Goods  Complementary Goods

Quantity Price P0P0 Q0Q0 Q1Q1 An increase in demand refers to a rightward shift in the market demand curve.

Quantity Price P0P0 Q1Q1 Q0Q0 A decrease in demand refers to a leftward shift in the market demand curve.

 A decrease in the price of a good, all other things held constant, will cause a decrease in the quantity supplied of the good.  An increase in the price of a good, all other things held constant, will cause an increase in the quantity supplied of the good.

Quantity Price P1P1 Q1Q1 P0P0 Q0Q0 A decrease in price causes a decrease in quantity supplied.

Quantity Price P0P0 Q0Q0 P1P1 Q1Q1 An increase in price causes an increase in quantity supplied.

 Change in Production Technology  Change in Input Prices  Change in the Number of Sellers

Quantity Price P0P0 Q1Q1 Q0Q0 An increase in supply refers to a rightward shift in the market supply curve.

Quantity Price P0P0 Q1Q1 Q0Q0 A decrease in supply refers to a leftward shift in the market supply curve.

 Market equilibrium is determined at the intersection of the market demand curve and the market supply curve.  The equilibrium price causes quantity demanded to be equal to quantity supplied.

Quantity Price P Q D S

Quantity Price P0P0 Q0Q0 D0D0 S0S0 Q1Q1 P1P1 D1D1 An increase in demand will cause the market equilibrium price and quantity to increase.

Quantity Price P1P1 Q1Q1 S0S0 Q0Q0 P0P0 D0D0 D1D1 A decrease in demand will cause the market equilibrium price and quantity to decrease.

Quantity Price P0P0 Q0Q0 D0D0 S0S0 Q1Q1 P1P1 An increase in supply will cause the market equilibrium price to decrease and quantity to increase. S1S1

Quantity Price P1P1 Q1Q1 D0D0 Q0Q0 P0P0 A decrease in supply will cause the market equilibrium price to increase and quantity to decrease. S1S1 S0S0