Skills: : Use ping and traceroute and query the whois database Concepts: network transit time, router hops, command-line user interface, whois database, prefixes for small quantities This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. Ping and traceroute demonstration
Where does this topic fit? Internet concepts – Applications – Technology (communication) – Implications Internet skills – Application development – Content creation – User skills
Ping and traceroute
C:\Users\Larry>ping Pinging [ ] with 32 data bytes: Reply from : bytes=32 time=18ms TTL=53 Reply from : bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=53 Reply from : bytes=32 time=19ms TTL=53 Reply from : bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=53 Ping statistics for : Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 17ms, Maximum = 19ms, Average = 17ms C:\Users\Larry> Ping Google
C:\Users\Larry>ping Pinging [ ] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from : bytes=32 time=182ms TTL=110 Reply from : bytes=32 time=180ms TTL=110 Reply from : bytes=32 time=177ms TTL=110 Reply from : bytes=32 time=185ms TTL=110 Ping statistics for : Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 180ms, Maximum = 185ms, Average = 181ms C:\Users\Larry> Ping Catholic University, Santiago Chile
Traceroute home-Google C:\Users\Larry>tracert Tracing route to [ ] cpe socal.res.rr.com [ ] cpe socal.rr.com [ ] 5 be18-lsanca4-rtr1.socal.rr.com [ ] 6 ae-6-0.cr0.lax00.tbone.rr.com [ ] 7 ae-0-0.pr0.lax10.tbone.rr.com [ ] Trace complete. C:\Users\Larry>
C:\Users\Larry>tracert Tracing route to [ ] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 CDH-ERC-C112-CAT6509-CORE1.csudh.edu [ ] CDH-ERC-C PRIMARY.csudh.edu [ ] 4 dc-lax-dc1--csudominguezhills-egm.cenic.net [ ] 5 dc-lax-core1--lax-agg1-ge.cenic.net [ ] 6 dc-lax-peer1--lax-core1-ge.cenic.net [ ] Trace complete. Traceroute office-Google
C:\Users\Larry>tracert Tracing route to [ ] cpe socal.res.rr.com [ ] cpe socal.rr.com [ ] 5 be18-lsanca4-rtr1.socal.rr.com [ ] 6 ae-6-0.cr0.lax00.tbone.rr.com [ ] 7 ae-0-0.pr0.lax10.tbone.rr.com [ ] 8 Vlan518.icore1.EQL-LosAngeles.as6453.net [ ] 9 f-4-28.tcore2.LVW-LosAngeles.as6453.net [ ] 10 if-2-2.tcore1.LVW-LosAngeles.as6453.net [ ] 11 if core2.DTX-Dallas.as6453.net [ ] 12 if core4.MLN-Miami.as6453.net [ ] 13 ix core4.MLN-Miami.as6453.net [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Trace complete. C:\Users\Larry> Traceroute home-Catholic U.
C:\Users\Larry>tracert Tracing route to [ ] 1 CDH-ERC-C112-CAT6509-CORE1.csudh.edu [ ] CDH-ERC-C PRIMARY.csudh.edu [ ] 4 dc-lax-dc1--csudominguezhills-egm.cenic.net [ ] 5 dc-lax-core2--lax-agg1-ge.cenic.net [ ] 6 dc-lax-isp2--lax-core2-10ge.cenic.net [ ] 7 xe edge5.LosAngeles1.Level3.net [ ] 8 ae-4-90.edge1.LosAngeles6.Level3.net [ ] 9 tata-level3-te.LosAngeles1.level3.net [ ] 10 if-2-2.tcore1.LVW-LosAngeles.as6453.net [ ] 11 if core2.DTX-Dallas.as6453.net [ ] 12 if core4.MLN-Miami.as6453.net [ ] 13 ix core4.MLN-Miami.as6453.net [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Trace complete. C:\Users\Larry> Traceroute office-Catholic U.
Try ping and tracert yourself Start > Run
A command-line window
The result
A windows Ping client
Whois OrgName: California State University OrgId: CSU-13 Address: 1000 East Victoria St City: Carson StateProv: CA PostalCode: Country: US RegDate: Updated:
Traceroute footnotes It’s tracert & Request timed out
Prefixes for small quantities PrefixMeaningFraction DeciOne tenth1/10 CentiOne hundredth1/100 MilliOne thousandth1/1,000 MicroOne millionth1/1,000,000 NanoOne billionth1/1,000,000,000 PicoOne trillionth1/1,000,000,000,000
Summary
Self-study questions 1.Which organization owns the host with the IP address ? 2.Ping and trace the route from two different places, for example your home and your office, to Are the ping times the same? Are the routes the same? Explain the differences? 3.I pinged Google.com from my home and from my office. If you look at the IP addresses of the final hops, you will see that they are different. Can you explain that? 4.Which do you like better, the command-line ping program that comes with Windows or the window-based program that I wrote? Why? Give at least one advantage for each. 5.If you trace the route between two hosts at different times, will it always be the same? Explain your answer. 6.If you measure ping time between two hosts at different times, will it always be the same? Explain your answer.
Resources One of many Whois services on the Web: To find others, google whois. To run traceroute or ping from remote locations around the world, go to: For more on command line versus graphical user interfaces see: