AAE450 Spring 2009 Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 Passive Thermal Control  Barbeque mode –.1 deg/sec  Space blanket –Kapton:.005” thick, $15.50 per ft^2 –Teflon:.031” thick, $21.47 per ft^2  Heat Pipe –.25” to 1” outside diameter carries 100W to 1000W –>10 kg for 1 m of pipe Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 Active Thermal Control  cryogenic cooler –turbo-Brayton cryocoolers very small mass and size 4 to 10 Kelvin range –Sunpower M77 $40,000 lift 4W at 77K for 100W input large mass Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 Barbeque Mode  Used in Apollo  Initial attitude that would place the spacecraft side-on to the Sun while avoiding gimbal lock  Rotation of axis can begin to rotate causing coning  Tracking programs used to carefully control overall attitude as rotation progressed Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 Space Blanket  Hubble has 16 thin layers of dimpled aluminized Kapton material covered by outer aluminized Teflon shell  less than one tenth of an inch thick  Allows rovers to use smaller solar panels and batteries Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 Space Blanket  Teflon –withstand 260 ° C  Kapton –withstand -268 ° C to 400 ° C –.005” thick = 27 ft^2/lb Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 [Name] [Group] Heat Pipe Figure based on M&M Metals website

AAE450 Spring 2009 Cryogenic Cooler  Reverse-Brayton Cryocooler –centrifugal compressor, recuperative heat exchanger, expansion turbine and thermal interfaces to the load and heat rejection devices –radiator used to reject heat from the compressor space Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 [Name] [Group] Reverse-Braton Cryocooler Figure based on Creare website

AAE450 Spring 2009 turbo-Brayton Cryocooler  Creare, Inc  compressor, counterflow heat exchanger and tuboalternator (expander)  1 million RPM  used on NIMCOS Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 References  Barbeque Mode –How Apollo Flew to the Moon by W. David Woods  Space Blanket –nasa.gov –kapton.dupont.com –professionalplastics.com Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal

AAE450 Spring 2009 References  Heat Pipe –mmmetals.com –energytransferinc.com  Cryogenic Cooler –creare.com –cryo.gsfc.nasa.gov Caitlyn McKay Structures and Thermal