Observational techniques meeting #3. Mirrors Classical mirrors: polished glass Monolithic block of glass, polished to spec. Largest good one is the 200”

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Presentation transcript:

Observational techniques meeting #3

Mirrors

Classical mirrors: polished glass Monolithic block of glass, polished to spec. Largest good one is the 200” at Palomar (P200). Limit is metrial strength of glass Mirror surface is aluminized periodically

Breakthroughs #1: honeycomb Casting borosilicate glass (good thermally) onto a honeycomb ceramic mold in spinning oven Structure allows lighter weight (20%), ventilation; spinning naturally sets parabolic form Maximum size set by oven: 8.4m Subaru, Magellan, MMT, LBT, GMT

Breakthroughs #2: thin meniscus Very thin mirror with active actuators to compensate for flexure in real time Maximum size so far: 8.2m NTT, Gemini, VLT, SOAR

Breakthroughs #3: segmented Replace large monolithic mirrors by actively- controlled (actuated) segments Maximum size limited by support mechanics and computation, currently largest telescopes 10m Keck, TMT, ELT

Future prospect: liquid mirrors Spinning liquid mirror naturally assumed parabolic form Can be made from mercury However: mercury is volatile, and poisonous No current working models

AO

Celestial coordinates

End

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