Gelisol Suborders Histels- Gelisols with large quantities of organic matter Turbels- Gelisols with evidence of extensive mixing by frost action Orthels- Common gelisols that don’t have high quantities of OM or extensive mixing from frost action

Histosol Suborders ~Folists- Histosols that aren’t saturated with water for long periods of time during the year. ~Wassists- Histosols that are submerged for more than 21 hours a day ~Fibrists- Histosols that are primarily made up of slightly decomposed OM called PEAT ~Saprists- Histosols made up of highly decomposed OM called MUCK ~Hemists- Histosols made up of moderately decomposed OM

Spodosol Suborders Aquods- Poorly drained Spodosols with a water table at or near the surface for much of the year Gelods- Spodosols of very cold climates (mean annual soil temperature less than 0 degrees C) Cryods- Spodosols of cold climates Humods- Well-drained Spodosols that contain relatively large quantities of OM Orthods- Common Spodosols that don’t fit in any other suborders

Andisol Suborders Aquands- Andisols with a water table at or near the surface for much of the year Gelands- Andisols of very cold climates (mean annual soil temperature less than or equal to 0 degrees C) Cryands- Andisols of cold climates Torrands- Andisols of very dry climates Xerands- Temperate Andisols with very dry summers and moist winters Vitrands- Relatively young Andisols that are coarse- textured and dominated by glass Ustands- Andisols of semi-arid and sub-humid climates Udands- Andisols of humid climates

Themes in the First 4 Main Orders Orth- doesn’t fit in any other suborder Aqu- water table at or near the surface Gel- very cold climates less than or equal to 0 degrees C Cry- cold climates