On-body health data aggregation using mobile phones by Lama Nachman, Jonathan Huang, Raymond Kong, Rahul Shah,Junaith Shahabdeen

Topics Covered Introduction Hardware –Sensors and mobile device System Architecture Advantages of the System Applications Questions

Pervasive Health Monitoring The notion of pervasive health monitoring presents us with a paradigm shift from the traditional event-driven model (i.e. go to doctor when sick) to one where we are continuously monitoring a person’s “well- being” through the use of bio-sensors, smart-home technologies, and information networks. This allows us to be more proactive in heath maintenance, as well as allowing the health care provider to make more informed decisions with a greater wealth of accurate data.

Wireless health monitoring in a Smart Environment

System Architecture

System Components Sensors Collect physiological data from the body, filter and communicate to mobile device using BlueTooth Mobile Device The data is stored and displayed on the phone and periodically pushed to the backend server Backend Server The health data is stored in SQL server and constantly monitored by professionals. On-demand GUI This service is used so that health data is shared among friends in collaborative settings

Sensors

Mobile phone Sensor Controller Graphical user interface SQL mobile data base

Hardware Mobile phone and PDA devices such as HTC’s imate, KJAM or Dell PDA are used for on- body aggregator Why to choose these devices??? Open system,run some version of Windows OS and provide a good IDE for application development Body communication capability via Bluetooth and backend communication via GPRS Friendly user interface Storage Capabilites

Sensor Controller Maintaining wireless connection with on-body sensors Storing the information in the database Interpret and process data from specific sensors Separate data processing modules are added to compute the data

SQL Mobile database Generic Schema to support all different sensors Access layer to pull the common functionality and simplify the data base Replication mechanism to support periodic synchronization of sensor data

Graphical User Interface Retrieves and display the latest scalar data from the database Allow the user to configure the sensing devices Manipulate some of the operating parameters of aggregator Web Service This service is used by external GUIs to display the sensed data on connected PCs

Sensors developed by Berkley Institute of design Small, chest worn (24h/day) Capable of measuring many health-related parameters Bluetooth enabled Removeable FAT16 filesystem for local data storage (transflash) Ability to do detect acute events and act on them

Front SideBack Side Sensors developed by Berkley Institute of Design

How UWB ECG sensor work ? Block diagram of the proposed fully integrated UWB radar for the detection of heart and breath rates. From Pervasive Health Care Services and Technologies

Analysis of ECG data From Pervasive Health Care Services and Technologies

EMG/GSR “Stress” Detection Measures muscle tension (EMG) on back which is indicative of “stress” Measures “skin resistance” (GSR) which varies with the involuntary production of sweat as a result of stress/emotion From Berkley Institute of design technical paper

Parameters Monitored Pulse Oximetry Measure percentage of blood oxygenation Correlate with breathing and heart beating Detect hypo/hyper volemia Detect range of cardiac problems 3-Axis Accelerometer Orientation (i.e. Sleeping on back vs. standing) Activity levels (sedentary or jogging) Detect acute event (Falling) From Berkley Institute of design technical paper

Advantages Use of Bluetooth which is very ubiquitous Separation of manageability and connectivity of the communication from sensor data format Generic database Annotation of the data Collaboration among user Local display of sensed data

Applications Continuous monitoring of elderly Detect acute events (i.e. fall) Detect transient events (i.e. temporary heart problems) Long term health maintenance Create portal to allow relatives/friends to monitor relatives Diagnostic tool for developing regions Monitor many parameters, send data to remote physicians for diagnosis Commercial applications End-Consumer self-monitoring (trending/exercise) “Un-tether” patient in hospital setting Help physicians with better diagnosis Research Applications Investigate parameters (i.e. stress as a function of exercise) Long term monitoring during drug trials

References Development of the portable monitoring system based on Wireless Body Area Sensor Network for continuous acquisition and measurement of the vital sign Pervasive Healthcare and Wireless Health Monitoring Ubiquitous Monitoring Environment for Wearable and Implantable Sensors (UbiMon) Wireless Sensor Networks for Personal Health Monitoring :Issues and an Implementation

Questions ???