Recycled Asphalt Pavement In Preservation Doug Ford Pavement Coatings Co. RAP has been used and recycled successfully for many years. The changing environment that agencies are forced to work with are also forcing new approaches to maintaining owned assets, mainly your infrastructure.

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Not in My Backyard Lets Talk Recycling

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Utilizing the Value Asphalt has always been Recyclable Valuable material in Hot Mix Asphalt Used when and where feasible How do we expand to better utilize this value

RAP Utilization Products Processing Unique Example Deep Recycling Chip Seal Slurry Seal & Micro Surfacing Processing Unique Example Deep Recycling Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR)

Good products but they don’t use the most valuable asphalt Typical Uses RAP Base Shoulder Backing Trucking yards Dust Control Crushed Miscellaneous Base Good products but they don’t use the most valuable asphalt

Products Chip Seals

RAP Chip Gradation TABLE 200-1.2.1 (A) Sieve Size Percent Passing1 Medium 3/8” Medium Fine 5/16” 1/2" (12.5 mm) 100 3/8" (9.5 mm) 85-100 No. 4 (4.75mm) 0-15 0-50 No. 8 (2.36 mm) 0-5 No. 16 (1.18 mm) - No. 200 (75 um) 0-2 Residual Asphalt Content2 3.5% Min. (Based on dry weight of aggregate) 1. On unextracted RAP. 2. On extracted RAP. Determined by CT362, CT379 or CT382.

RAP Chip Material Residual Asphalt Chips Single stones and conglomerations Residual asphalt content will vary by sample

Laboratory Tests on Chip Los Angeles Abrasion (ASTM C 131) 5% Loss -100 Revolutions 23% Loss – 500 Revolutions Cleanness Value: 58 (Cal 227) Spec is 75 minimum But not an issue

3/8” Chips Appearance is dirty but the dust is actually asphalt dust. Bonding capability is outstanding.

RAP Chip Seal Early Projects El Rivino Rd San Bernardino County 2006 November 2014 Early Projects El Rivino Rd San Bernardino County 2006

RAP Chip Seal Los Angeles County Avenue J 2009 Scrub seal with rejuvenating emulsion Extensive block cracking and alligator cracking

RAP Chip Seal Los Angeles County Hand applied additional chip to low areas Rain fell that night

RAP Chip Seal Los Angeles County Avenue J 7/18/14

Great Retention

Best Practices RAP Chip Seal What is a clean chip seal Dust is not dust, it’s asphalt Gradation problems will affect ability to bond With emulsions chips should be moist Rejuvenators are very good but should not be overapplied Double chips seal One layer should not be RAP

RAP Slurry Seal and Micro Surfacing

Type II RAP Slurry Aggregate

Percent Passing UN-extracted Percent Passing Extracted RAP Slurry Gradation RAP Slurry Dust Sieve Size Percent Passing UN-extracted Percent Passing Extracted ISSA Specification 3/8" 100 No. 4 95-100 90-100 No. 8 65-85 70-90 65-90 No. 16 35-60 50-75 45-70 No. 30 18-38 35-55 30-50 No. 50 8-25 22-40 18-30 No. 100 5-20 13-38 10-21 No. 200 2-12 10-20 5-15 Residual AC   6.5% Min.

Rap Slurry Gradations

RAP Slurry Material Slurry Dust Consistent Residual Asphalt through Segregation Slurry Dust Very few conglomerations Residual asphalt remains consistent

RAP Slurry Seal Laboratory Test Results ISSA Type II Component Amount Emulsion 10% - 14% 12% - 18% Residual AC 12.5% Min. 7.5% - 13.5% Minimum 12.5% Residual @ 10% Emulsion 7.5% Residual @ 12% Emulsion

Field Test Applications Calibration: as with any slurry or micro, calibration is essential! RAP is lighter than virgin aggregate. Because RAP emulsion percentage is low, gate may need to be modified. Insure material will run through gate without clumping.

Field Test Applications July 2003, Descanso Gardens, La Canada, CA. 13.5% CQS-1h 2005 Subject to excessive water

Field Test Applications August 2003, Rodeo Access Rd, Devore, CA Varied percentages and additives

RAP Slurry Through 2014 City of Agoura Hills City of Barstow City of Delano Caltrans District 8 Maintenance Caltrans District 11 Maintenance City of Costa Mesa City of Corona City of Garden Grove City of Hesperia City of Irvine City of Oxnard City of Palmdale City of Port Hueneme City of Santa Clarita City of Sierra Madre City of Westlake Village County of Los Angeles County of San Bernardino – Special Districts County of Ventura

RAP Slurry & Micro Surfacing Southern California Testing Started in 2003 Why RAP 100% Recycled Better Color Retention Cost Effective Zero Loss in Performance Six Months after Rain & Snow

Conventional Equipment Super Results From 2003 to 2014

Best Practices Slurry Seal RAP Fines must be fresh. Material that has been stored or stockpiled too long should be re-screened Stock Pile Management Do not stock pile too much material Use material as it is delivered (load out from all sides) Do not load trucks the night before Minimum requirement of 3% latex polymer Rubber tire roller, minimum three passes High traffic areas can not be over asphalted

Finished Environmentally Friendly Product

How to Utilize RAP Screening Process Utilization of In House RAP Existing RAP Stock Pile or New RAP Stock Pile Being Developed

RAP Aggregate Products Prodced Rap Chips (5/16” and 3/8”) Rap Type II Slurry Dust Crushed Miscellaneous Base AC Base RAP Base Mixing Aggregates for CCPR

Stockpile Management

5/16” Chips Made from RAP All chips must be screened twice!

RAP Slurry/Micro Dust Screening process for slurry and chips requires segregation. 50%-60% Slurry 40%-50% Chips Balancing the end product can be challenging

Best Practices Clean RAP for Slurry Contaminated material should be segregated for use on other products Sand Equivalent (SE) Utilization of multiple products at one time Chips and slurry dust – Slurry and AC Base Minimum of two screenings for chips. Moisture content Wet for chips on Emulsion Binders Dry for chips on Hot Asphalt Binders RAP Slurry Seal can not sit more than two to four weeks without being re-screened.

Caltrans On-Site Management

Caltrans District 8 Maintenance In house crews Chip Seal Crack Seal Shoulder Backing Contract Work Slurry Seal Utilized four RAP piles separated by over 150 miles from each other. This process allowed Caltrans to make multiple products from their own material. The trucking cost can exceed $38 per ton to some locations. Superior products used for two years with little to no additional cost.

RAP Chip and RAP Slurry (RAP Cape) Aggregates Produced Simultaneously

Caltrans District 8 Maintenance Application of RAP Chip Seal using stockpiled material owned by the state

Cold In-place Recycling (CIR) Distressed Pavement = New Pavement Using A Train of Equipment that: Mills old pavement into Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Crushes RAP to gradation Mixes with recycling agent Re-Paves recycled mix Compacts to specified density Readies for surface treatment Small carbon footprint

Starting Roadway

Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) Location Location Location

The Train The Train Emulsion Recycler Mill Water Truck

Paving and Compaction

Roller Sequence and Compaction

Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR) From RAP Clean Rap = New Pavement: Stockpiled and kept clean Crushed RAP to gradation Mixed with engineered emulsion In a central plant Transported to lay down area Paved as a recycled mix Compacted to specified density Readied for surface treatment to Pavement

“Urban Quarries” Recycle Sustainable Assets on Site!

Loading Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)

New Recycled Asphalt

Truck bring in Old Millings and Haul Back New Recycled Asphalt

Installation with a Track Paving Machine

Closing Statement One of the key elements of the County's sustainable program is maximizing the opportunity to reutilize Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in our pavement preservation Treatments. For the last three years we have committed to using RAP in all our pavement preservation treatments. Aside from the environmental benefits gained by using the RAP material in these treatments we are very pleased with their performance as well. Greg Kelley, Deputy Director of Transportation, County of Los Angeles

Questions Thank You Doug Ford