BAROQUE ROCOCO.

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Presentation transcript:

BAROQUE ROCOCO

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE Started in the early 17th century in Italy. Adopted the humanist Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture in a new rhetorical (symbolic), theatrical, sculptural fashion – expressing the triumph of absolutist church and state. New architectural concerns for color, light and shade, sculptural values and intensity

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE Demand for an architecture that was more accessible to the emotions A visible statement of the wealth and power of the Church In mid 17th century – expression in the form of grand palaces, first in France (Château de Maisons - 1642) by François Mansart and then throughout Europe.

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE Château de Maisons - 1642

Michelangelo's late Roman buildings, particularly St. Peter's Basilica PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE Michelangelo's late Roman buildings, particularly St. Peter's Basilica

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE Giacomo della Porta's façade of the Church of the Gesù, a precursor of the baroque Most important church facade of the early baroque, Santa Susanna by Carlo Maderno

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE 17th century – the baroque style spread through Europe and Latin America, where it was particularly promoted by the Jesuits (Members of the Society of Jesus).

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE long, narrow naves are replaced by broader, occasionally circular forms

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE long, narrow naves are replaced by broader, occasionally circular forms

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE dramatic use of light - strong light-and-shade contrasts, chiaroscuro effects (church of Weltenburg Abbey)

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE dramatic use of light - uniform lighting by means of several windows (church of Weingarten Abbey)

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE opulent (rich) use of ornaments (puttos made of wood – gilded (paint gold) , plaster or stucco, marble or faux (fake) finishing)

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE large-scale ceiling frescoes (Sicilian Baroque: San Benedetto in Catania, Italy)

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE the interior is often no more than a shell for painting and sculpture (especially in the late baroque)

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE illusory effects like trompe l'oeil & the blending of painting and architecture

pear domes - Bavarian, Czech, Polish, and Ukrainian baroque PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE pear domes - Bavarian, Czech, Polish, and Ukrainian baroque

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE Marian and Holy Trinity columns are erected in Catholic countries, often in thanksgiving for ending a plague

PRECURSORS & FEATURES OF BAROQUE Baroque motifs feature heroic battles and religious figures

ROCOCO STYLE Emerged in France in the early 18th century as a continuation of the Baroque style. In contrast to the heavier themes and darker colors of the Baroque, the Rococo style was characterized by opulence (richness), grace (elegance), playfulness, and lightness.

Also revolve heavily around nature and exterior settings ROCOCO STYLE Rococo motifs – carefree aristocratic life and lighthearted romance Also revolve heavily around nature and exterior settings

ROCOCO STYLE In the mid-late 18th century, Rococo was largely replaced by the Neoclassic style. The word Rococo is seen as a combination of the French rocaille, or shell, and the Italian barocco, or Baroque style. Shell-like curves and decorative arts – some critics used the term to imply that the style was frivolous or merely fashion.

ROCOCO in FURNITURE & DECORATIVE OBJECTS The lighthearted themes and intricate designs of Rococo presented themselves best on a smaller scale.

Asymmetry - a new taste to European style ROCOCO in FURNITURE & DECORATIVE OBJECTS Asymmetry - a new taste to European style “Contraste” - practice of leaving elements unbalanced for effect Wall clock on its bracket A well-known design by Charles Cressent In a gilt-brass case filled with "contraste" in its details

ROCOCO in FURNITURE & DECORATIVE OBJECTS Enjoyed the exotic character of Chinese arts, and imitated them in wares produced in France. Eighteenth-century Chippendale style combined Chinese & rococo

ROCOCO in FURNITURE & DECORATIVE OBJECTS In a full-blown Rococo design, like the Table d'appartement by German designer J. A. Meissonnier Apron, legs, stretcher have all been seamlessly integrated into a flow of opposed c-scrolls and "rocaille." The knot of the stretcher shows the asymmetrical "contraste"

Solitude Palace in Stuttgart ROCOCO in INTERIOR DESIGN Solitude Palace in Stuttgart

Chinese Palace in Oranienbaum ROCOCO in INTERIOR DESIGN Chinese Palace in Oranienbaum

ROCOCO in INTERIOR DESIGN In those Continental contexts where Rococo is fully in control, fantastic, and sculptured forms are expressed with abstract ornament using flaming, leafy or shell-like textures in asymmetrical sweeps and flourishes and broken curves

ROCOCO in INTERIOR DESIGN Intimate Rococo interiors suppress architectonic divisions of architrave, frieze and cornice for the picturesque, the curious, and the whimsical, expressed in plastic materials like carved wood and stucco