Topic: Reproduction Aim: Describe the 2 types of development and how the fetus is nourished. Do Now: Embryonic development notes #’s HW: Finish reading notes. Chromosome structure Review ISN CL Mitosis and Asexual Reproduction due tomorrow!

10. Identify the process represented by process Identify the name structure 2 and how many chromosomes it contains (in humans). 12. Identify the process occurring in structures 3 and Identify structure Identify structure Identify structure 7 and the three layers that make up this structure. 16. Identify the process that occurs after structure 7 is formed. Fertilization Zygote – 46 chromosomes Cleavage Morula Blastula Gastrula – endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm Differentiation

Identify each stage in cell division. A D B E CF Telophase Interphase Metaphase Anaphase Interphase Prophase

Describe the effect of a blockage in areas A and B on the male and female reproductive systems.

Topic: Reproduction Aim: Describe the 2 types of development and how the fetus is nourished. Do Now: 1. Take out the chromosome structure ISN. 2. Compare and Contrast mitosis and meiosis using a Venn Diagram. HW: Asexual Reproduction Review ISN

chromatid centromere chromatid centromere gene Interphase

MITOSIS MEIOSIS SIMILARITIES2 daughter cells4 daughter cells Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Chromosome # stays the same Chromosome # splits in half Used to reproduce somatic cells Used to produce gametes Chromosome replication occurs Cytokinesis occurs Same phases 1 division 2 divisions # of cells Type of reproduction Chromosome # Types of cells Divisions

1. Describe the amnion. Thin layer that forms a sac around the embryo

2. Identify the substance found inside the amnion. Amniotic fluid

3. Describe the importance of the amniotic fluid. Protects, cushions and insulated the embryo.

4. Describe the importance of the placenta. Provides food and oxygen Removes wastes

5. Identify the structure that connects the fetus and the mother. Umbilical cord

6. Identify what is found inside the umbilical cord. Blood vessels

7. Identify the substances that can pass from the mother to the fetus. Oxygen and nutrients Alcohol and drugs

8. Identify the substances that can pass from the fetus to the mother. Metabolic wastes

9.Does blood from the mother and fetus mix? Explain why or why not. No Mother and child have their own separate circulatory system.

10. Identify each labeled structure in the internal development diagram on the back of this page. cervix Umbilical cord Placenta Oviduct Amniotic fluid

External Development

Development outside female In water or on land Source of food - YOLK Ex: Birds, fish, frogs…

Egg Layers: All turtles

All tortoises

All crocodilians (group of large reptiles that includes crocodiles, alligators and caimans)

Some lizards: Iguanas, Water dragons, Geckos, Veiled chameleons, Panther chameleons Iguanas Water dragons Geckos Veiled chameleons Panther chameleons

Internal Development Development inside female

Let’s summarize… 1.What is the food source of the embryo that is developing externally? 2.What is the food source of the embryo that is developing internally?

Amniotic fluid Umbilical cord

By Day 21 the heart begins to beat. By the 4th week, the backbone and muscles are forming. Arms, legs, eyes, and ears have begun to show. By only Day 20 foundations of the brain, spinal cord and nervous system are already established.

Now one month old, the embryo is 10,000 times larger than the original fertilized egg and is developing rapidly.

At Week 5 five fingers can be discerned in the hand. The eyes darken as pigment is produced. Brain waves can be detected and recorded. At Week 6 the liver is now taking over production of blood cells, the brain begins to control muscle movements and organs.

By the 8th Week the now-called fetus is a little more than an inch long. The fetus has now everything found in a fully developed adult. The heart has been beating for more than a month, the kidneys are functioning; the stomach is producing digestive juices. And it responds to touch.

At Week 9 the tiny one has fingerprints and will curve its hand around an object placed in its palm. By Week 10 the fetus can squint, swallow, and wrinkle its forehead. At the 11th week, the fetus is now about 2 inches long. Urination occurs. Muscle movements are becoming more coordinated.

3m Now 3 months old, the unborn sleeps, awakens, and exercises its muscles. It “breathes” amniotic fluid to help develop its respiratory system. Fine hair is growing on the head.

At 4 months the fetus is 8-10 inches long and weighs half a pound. The mother starts to “show.” The baby’s ears are functional. It can hear its mother.

The fetus at 5 months is now about 12 inches long. There is definite movement felt by the mother. The unborn may jump in reactions to startling or loud noises.

At the 6th month oil and sweat glands are now functioning. The delicate skin is protected from the fetal waters by a special ointment called “vernix.” Born now and given proper care, the baby would survive…

At Month 7 the baby now uses the four senses of hearing, vision, taste, and touch. The child can respond to his or her mother’s voice.

In the 8th month the skin begins to thicken with a layer of fat stored underneath for insulation and nourishment. Antibodies increasingly build up. The baby is nearly ready for life outside the womb.

Toward the end of this month the baby is ready for birth. By this time the infant normally weighs 6 to 9 pounds, and his or her heart is pumping 300 gallons of blood per day.

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