+ Frankenstein 10 minute plan Tuesday, 31 March 15 Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Throughout the novel, Frankenstein and the Creature change places with one another. In the light of this comment discuss Mary Shelley’s use of the Double and Doubling in the novel. Set June 2013 Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Step 1 The Double or Doppelganger. Feature of German Schauerroman (shudder- fiction) 2 types of Doppelganger 1: the “dark reflection of the inner soul” 2: The harbinger of death seen at a moment of crisis. Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Step 2 Monster as double Frankenstein begins as innocent – typical “hero” Begins to alter at university – “penetrate recesses of nature” Creates life from the charnel houses – becomes utterly corrupt Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Step 2 balanced Creature is born innocent – seeks affection Creature begins to “turn” as a result of poor treatment (education) Creature become savage and murderous Creature is outcast and wanders the barren wastes with Frankenstein. Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Summary On a simple level, the pair mirror one another Both begin as innocents and after some form of education become perverted models of themselves. There is so much more…. Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Inversion of the Hero Frankenstein leaves Geneva as hero. Becomes a darker form of self Rapes nature to follow self aggrandizement. Chooses isolation. REJECTS CREATION Temporarily saved by Clerval. Rejects Justine out of selfishness. Agrees to create Eve-Creature. Rejects Creature again to set up final destruction of family Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Inversion of the “monster” Born from death - monstrous and ugly. Seeks love and kindness. No aggression. Rejected, chooses isolation out of necessity Educated by experience. Rejected by De Laceys Begins destructive path – murder 1. Causes death of Justine Seeks asylum in unknown areas and asks for Partner. Seeking Love. Sees Frankenstein destroy Eve- Creature Descends into darkness Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Battle for the dark side Frankenstein starts as “light” (good) and typical hero figure. He falls to the dark side due to his ambition and transgression. Creature is expected to be “Dark” at birth but craves only love and learning. His treatment causes him to echo Frankenstein’s descent into darkness. Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Doubles and love. Frankenstein is betrothed to cousin/step sister though shows little appetite for marriage Elisabeth/mother used as dream gateway to darkside Creature craves contact with a female – always to be denied. Attracted to Justine before he asks for a partner. Desperation for partner will lead to ultimate sequence of deaths. Description of setting on wedding night suggests forced entry/rape and replacing of Frankenstein in the bridal bed. Jonathan Peel JLS 2015

+ Doubles co-exist Creature wishes to find creator Meeting in Alps sets up the shift in power Frankenstein’s rejection causes murders and removal of all “light” minor characters Frankenstein wishes to find Creature Frankenstein follows in thrall to his creation and thus to his death Jonathan Peel JLS 2015