CHAPTER 13 Section 1:Origins of the Industrial Revolution Section 2:The Factory System Section 3:New Methods and Business Organizations Section 4: Living and Working Conditions Section 5: Socialism The Industrial Revolution

VIII. Socialism A.The Industrial Revolution caused a few people to become enormously rich. However, most remained poor including the workers who labor fueled the industry. This uneven distribution of wealth disturbed many people.

B.The only way to distribute wealth more evenly was to change the ownership and operation of the means of production. The means of production include the items used by human laborers to create products.

SECTION 5 Socialism Socialism A political and economic system A political and economic system Gov’ts own the means of production Gov’ts own the means of production Operate them for the benefit of ALL people – rich or poor Operate them for the benefit of ALL people – rich or poor Does away with the profit motive and competition Does away with the profit motive and competition EVERYONE - not just the owners – had a right to share in the profits! EVERYONE - not just the owners – had a right to share in the profits!

SECTION 5 Socialism Utopian Socialists Small cooperative settlements Small cooperative settlements Everyone would work for the common good. Everyone would work for the common good. Share the work and share the benefits. Share the work and share the benefits.

SECTION 5 Socialism Robert Owen – most influential utopian socialist …believed that people who lived in a good environment would stop acting selfishly. Built homes, schools, made inexpensive food & clothing available, encouraged unions

C.Socialist wanted to establish an economic system that would do away with the profit motive and competition. Socialism was based on the ideas of Karl Marx. Marx published the The Communist Manifesto in Marx said throughout history there has been a constant struggle between the haves (capitalist) and the have-nots (proletariat or working class).

D.Marx predicted that the capitalists would continue to amass wealth while driving the proletariat deeper and deeper into poverty. Marx told workers that their low wages were exploitive and unjust. He urged the need for violent actions that would result into a socialist revolution.

E. Eventually, after people learned the benefits of working together cooperatively a truly classless society would result “pure communism.” In this society, Marx believed, that each person would contribute what he or she could, and would receive what he or she needed. Marx said, “From each according to his abilities to each according to his needs.”