Fracture of radius and ulna

Distal Radius Fracture A distal radius fracture is a common bone fracture of the radius in the forearm. Because of its proximity to the wrist joint , this injury is often called a (wrist fracture).

Deformity in the Wrist

Associated median nerve injury Thenar muscles paralysed. This affects opposition of the thumb and flexion of the index and middle fingers. Hand of benediction

Associated injuries Smith’s fracture: (reverse colles’ fracture) fracture of the distal radius . It is caused by a direct blow to the dorsal forearm or falling onto flexed wrists. Less common than colles’ fracture. is a fracture of the distal radius in the forearm with dorsal (posterior) displacement of the wrist and hand Mechanism a fall onto a flexed wrist, OR direct blow to the back of the wrist Mechanism : Falling on an outstretched hand The characteristic appearance is called: (garden spade deformity) called: (dinner fork deformity)

Radial Head Fractures Incidence: radial head fractures are among the most common elbow fractures occur in up to 20% of all elbow injuries

fall on outstretched hand forearm in pronated position Mechanism of injury fall on outstretched hand forearm in pronated position axial load created across elbow

Associated injuries. 30% have associated soft tissue or skeletal injuries including - distal Radioulnar joint (DRUJ) injuries - Interosseous membrane disruption. - coronoid fractures elbow dislocation - carpal fractures

Radius and Ulnar Shaft Fractures Anatomy: The ulna acts as an axis around which the laterally bowed radius rotates in supination and pronation. Interosseous membrane (IOM) : - occupies the space between the radius and ulna and comprised of 5 ligaments.

Mechanism direct trauma (most common) : indirect trauma : often while protecting one's head indirect trauma : motor vehicle accidents falls from height athletic competition

Signs and Symptoms gross deformity. (dorsal bowing of the radius and ulna) 2. pain, swelling 3. loss of forearm and hand function 4. Decreased sensation or inability to move the limb, which may indicate nerve damage

Associated conditions 1) Elbow injuries evaluate DRUJ and elbow for : A- Galeazzi fractures  B- Monteggia fractures  2)Compartment syndrome evaluate compartment pressures if concern for compartment syndrome

Types of Fractures Galeazzi fracture Monteggia fracture Defined as a fracture of the distal one third of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Monteggia fracture Defined as a fracture of the ulna (usually proximal one third) with dislocation of the radial head. Greenstick fracture Fracture on one side of the bone, causing a bend on the other side of the bone.

Galeazzi fracture

Neurovascular injury - uncommon except PIN injury with Monteggia fxs and Henry (volar) approach to middle and upper third radial diaphysis

THANK YOU Abeer Alotaibi Fatimah Almuhana