WORLD GEOGRAPHY AUSTRALIA/OCEANIA UNIT 11 VOCABULARY TERMS

THE ECOSYSTEM OF THE REGION Limestone skeletons of a tiny sea animal: coral Shrimplike animal: krill Small, sturdy plants: lichen Small shrub that grows in New Zealand: manuka Pool of water inside an atoll: lagoon The formation that lies just off Australia's northeastern coast (the largest living thing on earth) is the _____. Great Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef can be seen from outer space – it’s big!

A FEW CULTURAL ASPECTS In some parts of Oceania _____ is spoken. pidgin English Australians speak _____, a dialect of English. Strine The _____ was originally a hunting tool. Boomerang Each aboriginal family group traveled as a _____. Clan A _____ provides simple shelter on tropical islands. Fale Some islanders still make their livings by _____. subsistence farming The arts have enriched life in the South Pacific region by passing on knowledge from generation to generation and now it has many _____, _____, and _____. musicians, writers and artists Some characteristics of modern lifestyles in Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania include: _____ and _____. Australia and New Zealand are fast paced and island life is slow paced

THE ECONOMICS OF THE REGION New Zealand's main natural resource is _____. Land The local resources that help to meet New Zealand's main natural resource are: _____. rivers and dams that produce hydroelectric power and geothermal energy provided by water heated underground by volcanoes

The beauty of scenic New Zealand is stunning. The sheep like it too!

THE PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE REGION Well from which pressurized water flows to the surface: artesian well Huge crack in an ice cap: crevasse Low, ring-shaped island: atoll The three types of islands that are found in Oceania are: _____, _____, and _____. high islands, low islands, and continental islands The _____ of the cap causes the motion of the Antarctic ice cap. Weight

This is an island. It’s an atoll – created by a volcanic explosion leaving a ring

SOME POLITICAL FACTORS OF THE REGION The Micronesian islands became a _____ after World War II. trust territory In 1901 Australia became a _____ Great Britain. Dominion The Antarctic treaty was established in 1959 because they wanted to preserve Antarctica as a peaceful scientific _____. research site

Antarctica is a wasteland of ice, but millions of animals survive their year-round

SOME HISTORY OF THE REGION *Geography influenced settlement patterns in the region because a high percentage of the land is unsuited for human _____. Habitation *The ways of life that Pacific indigenous peoples practice is that the Aborigines were nomads and the pacific islanders settled in family groups along the _____. Coasts *European settlement influenced the region by _____, _____, _____, _____ and _____. establishing coastal farms, bringing livestock, building textile industries, bringing diseases, and by ruling the people cruelly *Maori, Aborigines, and people from Asia were the original settlers of _____, _____, and _____. Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania

The didgeridoo (also known as a didjeridu) is a wind instrument developed by Indigenous Australians of the North

WEATHER & CLIMATE Windless area near the Equator: doldrums Violent Pacific Ocean storm: typhoon The climate that supports most of Australia's agricultural lands is _____. humid subtropical The factor that prevents temperature extremes in _____ is ocean winds that warm the land in winter and cool it in the summer. New Zealand

South Pacific island typhoons can be deadly