Artificial Intelligence Austin Luczak, Katie Regin, John Trawinski

What is AI? ●Artificial intelligence is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. ●It is based on the assumption that the process of human thoughts can be mechanized.

Main Goals of AI ●The central goals of AI are for computers to have: o Reasoning o Knowledge o Planning o Learning o Natural language processing o Perception o Ability to move or manipulate objects ●In simpler terms the goal is to create a computer that is as intelligent and functionable as a human being.

History of AI ●Classical Period o Many scientists from different fields started discussing the idea of creating an artificial brain. (1943) o Turing Test (1950) - Paper by Alan Turing that proposed that machines are able to think. o In 1951 many researchers started writing game-playing programs for games such as chess, and checkers. o By the early 60’s the machines achieved sufficient skill to challenge a respectable amateu. ●Romantic Period o During the Romantic Period, researchers were focused on teaching machines to understand

History of AI Cont. ●Romantic Period Cont. o It included teaching computers how to understand and represent semantics o An early example of this is the program ELIZA ●The Modern Period o Although it is called the modern period it is not the most recent period o This period is devoted to solve more complex, practical problems, such as predicting medical problems. ●Post-Modern Period o The post modern era stretches through the 90’s into the 2000’s and covers the creation and modification of the internet and its applications.

History of AI Cont. ●Current Period o A current example of AI is social media which is also known as Web 2.0 o AI is also used in big data applications, such as cars that can drive themselves ●Future o The future of AI revolves around the invention of Web 3.0. o We can’t be certain what Web 3.0 will entail however a common belief is it will be a combination of data mining, machine learning and recommendation agents.  In other words, computers will be able to understand information in order to make user interactions easier and more personable.

The Dartmouth Conference ●The Dartmouth Conference took place in 1956 and was where the field of AI research was essentially founded and where the term Artificial Intelligence was coined. ●The people who attended became known as the leaders of artificial intelligence research for decades. ●They truly believed within a generation they could build a computer that had comparable knowledge to a human. ●These researchers went through several AI summers and winters, which refer to the level of interest and funding at a certain time. o Summers had a high level of interest and high amounts of funding, while winters were the opposite.

Applications of AI ●Deeply ingrained into our infrastructure ●Used in a wide range of industries and fields ●Often applied in finance, medicine, writing and customer service

AI Applications in Finance ●Organize operations, make investments, manage properties and optimize portfolios ●Use of artificial neural networks to detect fraud

AI Applications in Medicine ●Organize bed schedules and staff rotation in hospitals ●Artificial neural networks used in clinical decision support systems o Concept Processing ●Interpretation of medical images and heart sound analysis

AI Applications in Writing ●Natural language generation (NLG) takes data and translates it into natural language ●Companies use this to gain quick insights into their data

AI in Customer Service ●Automated online assistants use natural language processing ●Answering machines in call centers