Ch The Moon MARQUES
Terms to Know… Satellite: a body that orbits a larger celestial body Moon: A natural satellite to a planet Apollo Missions: 6-manned spacecraft sent to the moon between by the US Artificial satellite: man-made objects orbiting the Earth. 1 st artificial satellite – SPUTNIK, launched in 1957 by Soviet Union 1,000 are orbiting around Earth now
What is the Moon like? 1/6 (less) gravity than earth. Astronauts bounced vs. walked. No atmosphere & less dense than earth Varying surface temps. (day = 134° / night = 170°) Sides = one faces earth (near side) / other faces away Covered w/ dust & crushed rock (1-6m deep) known as regolith Dark areas – known as mare (plural = maria) named for seas by Galileo Layers = crust, mantle, core
Wobbly rotation – b/c core is not completely solid or liquid No overall magnetic field Craters – bowled-shaped depressions caused by debris hitting the moon when S. System was formed Billions of years old What is the Moon like? CONTINUED…
Giant Impact Hypothesis Scientists believe that more then 4 BYA, Mars-sized object collided w/ Earth Earth was molten then & mantle chunks were tossed into orbit These chunks formed out MOON
Formation Facts Differentiation – densest materials moved to the center making a core. Lighter material formed a mantle and crust. Meteorite Bombardment – debris left over from the formation of the solar system struck the solid surface and formed regolith & craters. About three bya, the amount of debris decreased. The moon hasn’t changed much since then. Lava flowed on the moon, especially the near side. The moon cooled about three bya.