Periodic Table of the Elements

u These are called the inner transition elements and they belong here

Vertical columns are called groups or families. Elements are placed in columns by similar properties.

u Horizontal rows are called periods u There are 7 periods

1A 2A 3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B 1B2B

Metals l Luster – shiny. l Ductile – drawn into wires. l Malleable – hammered into sheets. l Conductors of heat and electricity.

Non-metals l Dull l Brittle l Nonconductors - insulators

Metalloids or Semimetals l Properties of both l Semiconductors

u Group 1 are the alkali metals u They have 1 valence electron in the outer orbital or energy shell 1

u Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals u They have 2 valence electrons 2

Transition metals l Groups 3-12 l their properties do not fit in with those of any other family.

u Group 13 is called the Boron family u They have 3 valence electrons 13

u Group 14 is called the Carbon Family u They have 4 valence electrons 14

u Group 15 is called the Nitrogen Family u They have 5 valence electrons 15

u Group 16 is called the Oxygen Family u They 6 valence electrons 16

u Group 17 is called the Halogens u They have 7 valence electrons 17

u Group 18 are the Noble Gases u They have 8 valence electrons