Japan’s Pacific Campaign HSCE 7.2.3 Ch. 32 sec. 2 *Japan’s military leaders wanted to expand their empire the same as Hitler = Control the ENTIRE Pacific.

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Presentation transcript:

Japan’s Pacific Campaign HSCE Ch. 32 sec. 2 *Japan’s military leaders wanted to expand their empire the same as Hitler = Control the ENTIRE Pacific Ocean Region! *Japanese resources were slammed after taking over Manchuria --Japan turns to Euro colonies in S. E. Asia for resources *Japan’s threat to America = conquering all of Southeast Asia -U.S. controlled Philippines & Guam -Japan overran French Indochina (‘Nam, Laos, Cambodia) *U.S. sent aid to China & CUT OFF OIL to Japan…. *The U.S. Pacific Fleet in Hawaii = “a dagger at Japan’s throat” --Japan wants control of all Pacific --planned surprise attacks against Euro colonies in Pacific and the U.S. at Pearl

*Day of Infamy---December 7, early dawn --Japanese attack Pearl Harbor, Hawaii----lasts about 2 hrs. --sunk or damaged 19 ships (8 battleships) --over 2,300 Americans killed --1,100 wounded Americans --Next day, FDR requests Congress declare war on Jap. **Japanese also attack Hong Kong (Br.), Guam & Wake Islands (U.S.), & invade Thailand *Japanese also took the Bataan Peninsula = Philippines -took over 1 million square miles of land (150 million people) --they treated their conquered people w/ extreme cruelty --Treated their POWs even WORSE!!!! --dishonorable to surrender Pearl Harbor

*The United States wanted revenge of Japan for Pearl Harbor —Doolittle’s Raid B-25 bombers bombed Tokyo & other Jap. Cities --Bombs did little damage, BUT the psychological impact was huge….. = Japan was able to be attacked by Allies! *Raid picks up U.S. morale & sinks the Japanese moral a bit --Japan’s empire too big = running out of resources *Battle of the Coral Sea--- Japan wants New Guinea for an air strip = striking distance from Australia --Allied ship transport meets the Japanese = New kind of naval warfare --ships did not fire a single shot --planes from aircraft carriers fought the battle, instead --Allies lost more ships & troops, BUT stopped the Japanese from taking New Guinea & protected Aus.

of-the-coral-sea.htmlhttp://military.discovery.com/videos/world-war-ii-in-color-battle- of-the-coral-sea.html Coral Sea *The Battle of Midway--- 1,500 miles west of Hawaii --location of a KEY U.S. airfield---Japan targeted Midway for attack --Japan hoped to draw entire U.S. Pacific fleet away from Pearl --U.S. code breakers found out about the plan & were ready --June 4, Japan began its assault on Midway --U.S. waiting---attacked the Jap. fleet & caught them off guard --destroyed all 4 Jap. Carriers, 332 planes, & 1 support ship = totally crippled the Japanese fleet in the Pacific *Turns the tide of war in the Pacific to the Allies side!!! USA # 1!! Midway

*After Midway, the Allies are on the offensive --Japanese soldiers were dug in across hundreds of islands in the Pacific-----how to handle the problem? *Douglas MacArthur---U.S. General --island-hopping---hop past strong Jap. defended islands & focus on ones not well defended & closer to Japan -Aug Guadalcanal---Jap. controlled island---building an air base = Allies have to stop them --U.S. Marines invaded---had little trouble w/ the airfield, but very hard time controlling the island --6 months of fighting = Allies finally won, but heavy losses --Japanese losses = 24,000 dead out of 36,000 = “Island of Death” Thin Red Line