Take minutes to finish Chapter 11 Map Activity If you finish, begin Chapter 11.1 Sequence diagram

Chapter 11 National & Regional Growth or The “ Era of Good Feelings ”? ( ) Chapter 11 National & Regional Growth or The “ Era of Good Feelings ”? ( )

Today’s Learning Target: Ch.11.1 Analyze how the Industrial Revolution transforms the American economy & society

Cumberland (National Road), 1811

Principal Canals in 1840

National & Regional Growth Map Activity 1.Wheeling and Vandalia 2. Hudson River 3. Lake Erie and the Ohio River 4. Toledo and Cincinnati 5. Erie Canal and Pennsylvania Canal 6. Chicago, Toledo, Cleveland, and Buffalo 7. Possible answer: merchant might send the goods up the Hudson River to Albany and then west along the Erie Canal to Buffalo

Read, “One American’s Story” p. 365 Now, examine the diagram of the New England textile mill p. 370 What do you notice about the mill? What might working conditions be like in these mills? Read, “Factories Rise in New England” p. 366

Industry develops & transforms America Late 1700s1790 After s Industrial Revolution begins in Britain as factories start to replace hand tools Samuel Slater builds first American spinning mill & uses children as labor Spinning mill owners begin to use entire families for labor Eli Whitney demonstrates the use of interchangeable parts Francis Cabot Lowell builds a factory that spins yarn & weaves cloth from it Factories begin to replace water power with steam engines

Early inventions change the way Americans do things Robert Fulton launches the first steamship the Clermont, on the Hudson River Peter Cooper builds the first successful steam- powered locomotive Cyrus McCormick gains instant success by designing a mechanical reaper Blacksmith John Deere invents a lightweight plow with a steel cutting edge Samuel F.B. Morse invents the telegraph First long-distance telegraph line carries news from Baltimore to Washington D.C.

Invention Importance Textile Mills Interchangeable Parts Steamboat Telegraph Steel plow Mechanical Reaper Threshing Machine

Invention Importance Textile Mills Interchangeable Parts Steamboat Telegraph Steel plow Mechanical Reaper Threshing Machine Brought workers, machines, & resources under one roof – transforms work. Parts are the same so assembly is faster Make travel upstream faster, easier Stronger, cuts better, faster. Cuts grain and makes harvesting faster Separates grain from stalk – harvesting is fas ter Communication is almost instant, links the nation

American Industrial Revolution Economic change in America (farming to manufacturing) Factory machines replaced hand tools Large scale manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work.

Factory System Production system that brought workers & machines under one roof Built near a source of water power eventually used steam power Workers left farms & moved to cities Work for wages First factories were in New England

Samuel Slater (“Father of the Factory System”)

The Lowell/Waltham (Massachusetts) Factory System: Lowell’s town

Lowell in 1850

Lowell Mill

Early Textile Loom

New England Textile Centers: 1830s

Lowell Girls What was their typical “profile?”

Lowell Mills Time Table

Irish Immigrant Girls at Lowell

I’m a Factory Girl Filled with Wishes I'm a factory girl Everyday filled with fear From breathing in the poison air Wishing for windows! I'm a factory girl Tired from the 13 hours of work each day And we have such low pay Wishing for shorten work times! I'm a factory girl Never having enough time to eat Nor to rest my feet Wishing for more free time! I'm a factory girl Sick of all this harsh conditions Making me want to sign the petition! So do what I ask for because I am a factory girl And I'm hereby speaking for all the rest!

New England Dominance in Textiles

Eli Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts Rifle

First Turnpike Lancaster, PA By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.

Cumberland (National Road), 1811

Conestoga Covered Wagons Conestoga Trail, 1820s

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

Erie Canal System

Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

Principal Canals in 1840

John Deere & the Steel Plow (1837)

Cyrus McCormick & the Mechanical Reaper: 1831

Samuel F. B. Morse 1840 – Telegraph

Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable, 1858

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791 Actually invented by a slave!