Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation

Turmoil in Europe French Revolution ( ) erupts in France  Inspired by the Amer. Revol., French people revolt against King Louis XVI and his monarchy; demand democracy USA dilemma: New France gov't declares war on G.B. and other monarchies  Dem.-Rep.: Jefferson and Madison believed USA should support France gov't due to Treaty of 1778  Federalist: Hamilton side with British

Marie Antoinette and King Louis XVI were executed by the Jacobin Party

Checking for Understanding Questions What stake does the USA have pertaining to the French Revolution? Why may some Americans want the French Revolution to succeed? Want it to fail?

French Revolutionary Wars

Turmoil in France (cont...) In 1793, Washington declares neutrality (not take sides)  Jefferson and Hamilton agree Edmond Genet, a French diplomat sent to win American support, began recruiting Americans to fight G.B.  Genet stays in USA as citizen Federalists call Jefferson a radical for supporting France; Jefferson resigns

Edmond Genet

Checking for Understanding Questions Why do you think Washington decides to stay neutral? Whats does this tell you about Washington and his views towards foreign policy?

Treaty of San Lorenzo Thomas Pinckney negotiates treaty with Spain over trade territorial issues In 1795, Spain and USA come to terms with the Treaty of San Lorenzo  Spain gives up claim to Western USA  Florida-USA boundary set at 31 st Parallel  MI River open to USA trade/traffic New Orleans is now open port for USA

Checking for Understanding Questions What were the stipulations to the Treaty of San Lorenzo? How does the treaty impact the USA?

Battle of Fallen Timber Native Americans rejects Treaty of Paris of 1783 and demand changes Little Turtle, Miami Tribe chief defeat USA army in 1790 USA sends Gen. “Mad” Anthony Wayne to defeat Miami Confederacy at Fallen Timbers in 1794  Miami Tribe signs Treaty of Greenville Gives USA control of Ohio Valley

General “Mad” Anthony Wayne

Chief Little Turtle

Checking for Understanding Questions What caused the Little Turtle and his Miami tribe to act against the USA? How does the Treaty of Greenville impact the USA?

What does this picture show you about Jay's Treaty?

Jay's Treaty British are still in ports in the Northwest  Prevents trade and Westward expansion USA wanted to keep good relations to trade in the West Indies; British also kept seizing USA ships and impressing USA seamen D-R (pro-French) wanted either military or econ action Federalists (pro-British) wanted peaceful resolution

Jay's Treaty (Cont...) Washington sends John Jay, Chief Justice to mediate without Congress' consent  Many saw this as a violation of the Constitution, Executive and Judicial working together against the Legislative Americans angry, feeling USA gave up too much power  Treaty ends up helping USA; Native Americans have no help, trade made easier, USA now able to expand west

See advantages and affects handout now

Political Cartoon In partners, I want you to create two political cartoons responding to Jay’s Treaty. One student will be responsible for creating a cartoon from the view of a Democratic-Republican and the other student will be responsible for creating a cartoon from the perspective of a Federalists. Use your notes and handouts to help you create your cartoon.

John Jay

Checking for Understanding Questions What did the Jay Treaty do for Americans? Why do you think the British refused to leave in the first place?

George Washington's Farewell Address, September 26 th, 1796 Main Points:  Do not get involved with other countries issues  Fix issues at home first  Do not let Political parties create disunity Washington dies on December 14 th, 1799

Checking for Understanding Questions What do you think of Washington's main points in his Farewell Address? Explain.

John Adam's Presidency In 1796, John Adams is elect President and Thomas Jefferson is elected as Vice President  Result of sectionalism, placing regions interest above the nation

Checking for Understanding Questions What impact did sectionalism have on the election of 1796? Explain.

Adam's Tries to Avoid War French see Jay's Treaty as a violation of their alliance, begins seizing USA ships XYZ Affair: French officials demand bribe to see foreign minister, Talleyrand Congress creates Navy and undeclared naval war begins between USA and France for 2 years (Quasi War)  Washington called to lead Army

Checking for Understanding Questions How did the XYZ Affair impact foreign policy in the USA?

Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 Federalists fear French plot to overthrow USA gov't, suspicious of French immigrants  Many French immigrants are Dem-Rep.  Federalists critical of Adam's hesitation Fed. Create Alien-Sedition Acts of 1798  Alien Act: requirement for citizenship raised, immigrants be deported or fined  Sedition Act: Fined or jailed for hindering/lying about USA gov't

Alien and Sedition Acts (cont...) Jefferson and Madison see acts as misuse of power  VA and KY oppose (Kentucky Resolution), stating violation of 1 st Amendment  Nullification: states have the right to void laws deemed unconstitutional

Alien and Sedition Acts (cont...) Jefferson and Madison see acts as misuse of power  VA and KY oppose (Kentucky Resolution), stating violation of 1 st Amendment  Nullification: states have the right to void laws deemed unconstitutional

Checking for Understanding Questions In your own words, explain the Alien and Sedition Acts Do you believe the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 were fair? Why? Is nullification an appropriate right for states to have? Why or why not?

Classwork Assignment Which event during the 1790's had the most significance to foreign USA policy.  Explain your answer in detail