Government Understandings Review How do governments distribute power? Unitary System Confederation System Federal System

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: Before-school tutoring is tomorrow, 7:30a. Progress Reports go home Wednesday. BYOT Tuesday for Kahoots GMAS Review. Standard: Describe how governments distribute power and how they determine citizen participation. Essential Question for Monday March 30th: What two questions must be asked whenever discussing governmental structure? Warm-Up: List the criteria for a Religious Group Today We Will: Review Government Structure

ANSWERS Essential Question Answer for March 30th: How does government distribute power between the central governments and local governments? How does the government allow for citizen participation? Warm-Up: Belief system in a God or Gods Religious rituals Religious text

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: After-school tutoring is tomorrow, 4-5p. BYOT Wednesday for Kahoots GMAS Review. Standard: Describe how governments distribute power and how they determine citizen participation. Essential Question for Tuesday March 31st: How would you Compare & contrast the three government structures that relate to distribution of power? Warm-Up: In a parliamentary form of government the prime minister is always a member of what branch of government? Today We Will: Continue our review of Government Structure

ANSWERS Essential Question Answer Tuesday March 31st: Unitary, Confederation, & Federal are similar because each system relates to the distribution of power between central & local governments. They contrast based on how they either concentrate or share power at the central or local government levels. Warm-Up: The legislative branch

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: After-school tutoring is today from 4-5p. BYOT Friday for Kahoots GMAS Review. 28 days to the Social Studies GMAS. Standard: Describe how governments distribute power and how they determine citizen participation. Essential Question for Wednesday April 1st: How would you Compare & contrast the three government structures that relate to citizen participation in decision-making? Warm-Up: In a parliamentary system describe how a person becomes prime minister.? Today We Will: Continue our review of Government Structure

ANSWERS Essential Question Answer for April 1st : Autocratic, oligarchic, and democracy are similar based on each relating to the question of how citizens participate in decision-making. They contrast based upon the varying number of individuals that can make up decision makers. Warm-Up: In a two-step process, The person would first be required to be elected to parliament The member of parliament could then be elected from parliament to become prime minister

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: 27 days to the Social Studies GMAS. 1/2-school day Friday. Standard: Describe how governments distribute power and how they determine citizen participation. Essential Question for Thursday April 2nd: How would you Compare & contrast the two predominant forms of democracy? Warm-Up: What is “THE” key strategy for success with any assessment (test)? Today We Will: Complete our review of Government Structure

ANSWERS Essential Question Answer for April 2nd: Presidential & Parliamentary forms of democracy are similar in that both allow the people or citizens to vote in large. They contrast in; The title of their leaders, President & Prime Minister respectively, and In how these leaders are elected. The president is elected directly by a vote of the people. The prime minister must first be elected to the parliament. Once a member of parliament he/she may be elected to prime minister. Warm-Up: First make sure you understand what the question is asking.

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: 26 days to the Social Studies GMAS. 1/2-school day TODAY. Enjoy your Spring Vacation! Standard: Describe how governments distribute power and how they determine citizen participation. Essential Question for Friday April 3rd: What are some personal freedoms that might be protected by a democracy? Warm-Up: What are the three branches of government and what function do they perform? Today We Will: Complete our review of Government Structure

ANSWERS Essential Question Answer for April 3rd: Freedom of Speech Freedom of the Press Freedom of Religion Freedom from unreasonable search Freedom of Assembly and seizure Warm-Up: Executive branch – enforces the laws Legislative branch – makes the laws Judicial branch – judges or settles arguments about the laws

UNITARY SYSTEM The CENTRAL GOVERNMENT holds nearly all of the power Local governments may have some power but are under the control of the CENTRAL GOVERNMENT The CENTRAL GOVERNMENT can change the way local governments operate or even remove them. Elected officials at the CENTRAL GOVERNMENT level can make decisions without considering the opinions of local governments

MONARCHY A monarchy, where the KING and his advisors make most of the decisions, is an example of a UNITARY SYSTEM. In the 20th century, Monarchs have generally become symbols of national unity, while real power has been transferred to constitutional assemblies. A true functioning monarchy is a rare occurrence. Although some African Countries have kings, they are kings of tribes or particular ethnic groups and do not play a major role in the day to day government of the countries. Among the few remaining true monarchies are: Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Swaziland Constitutional Monarchies include: Belgium, Denmark, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Where are these countries located?

Swaziland Monarch King Mswati III of Swaziland celebrating his 40th birthday and 40 years of independence from Great Britain. (2008)

CONFEDERATION LOCAL governments hold all the power Central government depends on local governments for its existence CENTRAL governments only have POWER the LOCAL governments are willing to GIVE them

FEDERAL SYSTEMS Power is SHARED between the central government and the local government This is the type of government we have in our country. Federal Governments have an EXECUTIVE branch, a LEGISLATIVE branch and a JUDICIAL branch. Power is SHARED between the NATIONAL and LOCAL governments

Citizen Participation In Government AUTOCRATIC GOVERNMENT OLIGARCHY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT

AUTOCRATIC RULER has absolute power and Individuals have no rights to vote on leaders or laws RULER makes and enforces laws

. Individuals have no power against their ruler if they disagree with his decisions People may be allowed to manage local affairs, but the central government keeps control of the important aspects of the country

OLIGARCHy “Government by the few” Control is exercised by a small group of individuals whose authority is based on wealth or power People have little or no power to use against the government or ruler

Democratic government The people play a greater role in their governments decision making! People VOTE! Decisions are made by a MAJORITY of votes Laws protect individual rights

DEMOCRACY comes from the Greek word “demos” which means “people” A great deal of power is left in the hands of the people. If a person feels his rights have been violated, he has the power to ask the government to correct the situation

TWO TYPES OF DEMOCRACTIC GOVERNMENTS: Parliamentary & Presidential This is the form of democracy in the U.S.A. The president, or chief executive, is chosen independently from the legislature. The people elect the president. He is not elected by the legislature or a political party The president does not make laws, the legislature does.

. The president is the official head of the government. The legislature can not dismiss the president, except in extreme cases. The president’s job is to see that laws are carried out or enforced. The president can not dismiss the legislature or force them to make particular laws.

PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY People vote for those who represent a political party that best represents their views of how the government should operate. The legislature is called the PARLIAMENT. Parliament makes and carries out the laws.

. The political party that wins the majority in the legislature elects the head of the government. How does this differ from the election of the President in our country? This person is called the Prime Minister or the Premier. The Prime Minister answers directly to the legislature.

. The Prime Minister rules with the help of a CABINET, or groups of advisors. The Prime Minister holds power and may be voted out of office before his term expires if the party he leads looses the confidence of the people. How does this differ from our system?

Assessment Prompt In Japan, the prefectures (Japan’s word for states or provinces) do not have any independent authority. Instead they carry out the laws and policies of the national government. This is an example of what type of government system? A. Unitary B. Confederation C. Federal D. Parliamentary Justify your response

Assessment Prompt How does a democratic government differ from an oligarchic government? A. Role of the citizen B. Law-making process C. Judicial system D. Role of individual states Justify your answer

Assessment Prompt In a parliamentary government, unlike a presidential system, the head of government belongs to which branch of government? A. Judicial B. Legislative C. National D. Executive Justify your answer

Assessment Prompt In a unitary form of government, the power to govern is held by : A. One central authority B. An alliance of states C. A small group of people D. A central authority and several regional authorities Justify your answer

Assessment Prompt In a parliamentary government the head of executive branch is chosen by which branch? A. Judicial B. National C. Executive D. Legislative Justify your answer

Assessment Prompt People have the highest participation rate in this type of government. A. Autocratic B. Dictatorship C. Democracy D. Oligarchy Justify your answer

Assessment Prompt Why do individual voters have more power in a democracy than they do in an oligarchy? A. Kings are always cruel rulers B. The voters get to choose who makes the laws C. All the power stays in the hands of the local government D. Voters in democratic countries always choose qualified leaders