Energy’s Grand Challenges Why there isn’t an easy solution

Source: US Energy Information Administration Today’s Energy  82 % = fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal)  17 % = nuclear and all other sources By 2040  80 % = fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal)  20 %= nuclear and all other sources

World demand for energy expands by 2040 Source: EIA, International Energy Outlook 2013

Today’s Energy Challenges The Challenges Continuing to find affordable, reliable, clean energy. The Future Today’s students are the future of energy exploration and production.

Challenge: bridge supply limitations with 24-hour demand for electricity worldwide Image Credit: NASA 1970s: Photo from space - glow from electric lights at night.

Challenge: bridge supply limitations with 24-hour demand for electricity worldwide  Streamline electricity grid for efficiency  Develop wind and solar storage systems for peak use.  Continue “clean coal” technology advancements  Increase use of natural gas Image Credit: NASA 2005: Photo from space - glow from electric lights at night.

Challenge: Develop new technologies and cultural habits.  Modernize electricity grid  Develop and use more efficient transportation energy (i.e. hybrids, electric cars, hydrogen, natural gas, algae-based fuels)  Redesign homes and buildings  Use less!

Challenge: Develop new technologies and cultural habits Engineers use complex computer simulation models for design

 U.S. consumes 19.1 million barrels of oil per day  U.S. produces 8.5 million barrels of oil per day How important is oil?

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How valuable is petroleum?  Enough energy to heat 80 million homes  382 million gallons of gasoline to service stations, enabling 200 million drivers to get to work, take their kids to school, and take vacations-- traveling 7.5 billion road miles every day  67 million gallons to airport terminals, enabling 30,000 flights to travel around the world Source: API Energytomorrow.org In one day, the oil and gas industry delivers

ExplorationAppraisal Production Production Refining and Marketing Refining and Marketing The search for oil and gas

Where we find oil: porous rock

Hydrocarbon Traps Images courtesy of

Challenge: getting the oil out Today, we can access hydrocarbons trapped in rocks with smaller, complex pores using horizontal drilling

Challenge: large oilfields increasingly difficult to find.  Seismic technology advances  Breakthroughs in computer processing power and data management needed  Offshore deepwater exploration

Seismic Reflections

Challenge: getting the oil out  Deepwater Drilling The Deepwater Pathfinder drillship (shown) can drill in water depths up to 10,000 feet  Dynamic-Positioning - Small thrusters and global positioning keep it stable, shifting less than 50 feet in any direction.

Offshore Rig A deepwater project will:  Take many years to complete  Cost almost $1 billion USD  Employ 2000 people  Bring 50,000 barrels of oil per day to market

Production Systems

Challenge: Recruiting the next generation of engineers and scientists Why Work in Energy?  Creative challenges  Travel  Money  Work in teams  Be a part of a global solution! Innovation Takes Imagination!  Young technology in all areas of exploration and production need continuous development

Challenge: Recruiting the next generation of engineers and scientists Engineering  Petroleum, Chemical, Mechanical, Others Geoscience  Geology, Geophysics Sciences  All basic sciences - research Business  Finance, HR, Management

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Energy’s Grand Challenges Your Questions