Joyet Language Types We’re going to look at two types of language: figurative language and literal language

Joyet Figurative vs. Literal To understand figurative language figurative one has to understand the difference between and literal

Joyet More on Literal My meaning is exactly what I say. To be literal is to mean what you say. For example: If I tell you to sit down, I mean it literally: “sit down,” as in: “sit in your seat now, please.”

Joyet and more on Literal I mean exactly what I say. Here’s another example. I’m tired and going home. This means “I’m tired and I’m going home” there is no other meaning other than what is said.

Joyet nd 2 nd Figurative I’m not suggesting we get into the freezer. To be figurative is to not mean what you say but imply something else. For example: If, I tell you: “let’s go chill!”

Joyet Figurative continued It has nothing to do with temperature. “let’s go chill” … …means let’s relax together and do something fun.

Joyet Figurative vs. Literal Confused? Think of it this way: Literal as exactly what you mean. Figurative as meaning something else.

8 Why Figurative Language? Also known as descriptive language, or poetic language, figurative language helps the writer paint a picture in the reader’s mind.

Joyet Again: Figurative Language Figurative Language does not always mean what is being said or read, but serves to make it more interesting.

10 Six Techniques of Figurative Language There are six techniques that we’re going to look at, and yes, you’ll need to learn all six.

Joyet Six Techniques of Figurative Language You will need to: understand them identify them use them in your writing

Types of Figurative Language Simile Metaphor Alliteration Personification Hyperbole Onomatopoeia S.M.A.P.H.O.

Simile A figure of speech that compares two unlike things, using the words like or as. Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are as strong as iron bands.

Joyet Simile More examples of similes: She is like a rainy day. He is as busy as a bee. They are like two peas in a pod. The metal twisted like a ribbon.

Important! Using “like” or “as” doesn’t make a simile. A comparison must be made. Not a Simile: I like pizza. Simile: The moon is like a pizza.

Metaphor A figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using like or as. You simply state one thing is another thing. Example: The road was a ribbon wrapped through the dessert.

Joyet Metaphor More examples of metaphors: She is a graceful swan. He is a golden god. They are honey from the honeycomb.

Joyet Brian was a wall, bouncing every tennis ball back over the net. This metaphor compares Brian to a wall because __________. a. He was very strong. b. He was very tall. c. He kept returning the balls. d. His body was made of cells.

Joyet We would have had more pizza to eat if Tammy hadn’t been such a hog. Tammy was being compared to a hog because she __________. a. looked like a hog b. ate like a hog c. smelled like a hog d. was as smart as a hog

Joyet Cindy was such a mule. We couldn’t get her to change her mind. The metaphor compares Cindy to a mule because she was __________. a. always eating oats b. able to do hard work c. raised on a farm d. very stubborn

Joyet The poor rat didn’t have a chance. Our old cat, a bolt of lightning, caught his prey. The cat was compared to a bolt of lightning because he was _______. a. very fastb. very bright c. not fond of fleasd. very old

Joyet Even a child could carry my dog, Dogface, around for hours. He’s such a feather. This metaphor implies that Dogface: a. is not cuteb. looks like a bird c. is not heavyd. can fly

Alliteration Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. Example: She was wide-eyed and wondering while she waited for Walter to waken.

Joyet Alliteration More examples of alliteration: Sally Sells Seashells By The Sea Shore Rolling, Racing, Roaring, Rapids

25 Alliteration Tongue twisters are generally alliterations. For example: Busy batters bat baseballs by bases. "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."

Personification A figure of speech which gives the qualities of a human to non-human things (an animal, an object, or an idea). Example: “The wind yells while blowing." The wind cannot yell. Only a living thing can yell.

Joyet Personification The leaves danced in the wind More examples of personification: The heat ripped the breath from her lungs.

Joyet Personification Hunger sat shivering on the road. The streets are calling me. Flowers danced about the lawn. The water on the lake shivered.

Joyet Personification The sleeping water reflected the evening sky. Humidity breathed in the girl's face and ran its greasy fingers through her hair. The tree arrested the oncoming car.

Hyperbole An exaggerated statement used to impress or stress something. It is not used to mislead the reader, but to emphasize a point. Example: She’s said so on several million occasions.

Joyet Hyperbole “He never speaks to her.” Never? That is a very long time. Hyperbole means to exaggerate. Take for example:

Joyet Hyperbole We have a ton of work. A ton is a lot of work. A ton is also two thousand pounds. Hyperbole example:

Joyet Hyperbole I ate two thousand pounds of pasta. Two thousand pounds is also known as a ton, this person must be really obese. Hyperbole example:

Joyet Hyperbole I told you a million times. I don’t mind repeating myself, but a million times? That’s a lot. Hyperbole example:

Onomatopoeia The use of words that mimic sounds. Example: The firecracker made a loud ka-boom!

Joyet Onomatopoeia The formation or use of words such as buzz, murmur or boo that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.

Joyet Onomatopoeia Examples of the onomatopoeia: Bang, went the gun! Swoosh went the basketball through the hoop.

Joyet Onomatopoeia in practice Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sounds make you think of their meanings. For example; buzz, thump, pop. Many comic strips use onomatopoeia.

Joyet Onomatopoeia

Joyet We’ve looked at Literal vs. Figurative Remember: Real vs. Imaginary

Figurative Language Resources Eye on Idioms (Online PPT) Eye on Idioms Paint by Idioms (Game) Paint by Idioms Alliteration or Simile? (Quiz) Alliteration or Simile? Similes and Metaphors (PPT) Similes and Metaphors The Search for Similes, Metaphors, and Idioms (PPT) The Search for Similes, Metaphors, and Idioms Alliteration (PPT) Alliteration Onomatopoeia (PPT) Onomatopoeia Personification (PPT) Personification Hyperbole (PPT) Hyperbole Idioms (PPT) Idioms Simile (PPT) Simile

Teaching Similes and Metaphors Teaching Similes and Metaphors Alliteration Lesson Plan and Resources Hyperbole- Lesson Plans and Resources Idiom Lesson Plan Imagery- Lesson Plans and Resources Lesson Plan for Puns Onomatopoeia- Lesson Plans and Resources Personification Lesson Plans and Resources Proverbs- Lesson Plans and Resources