MINI LESSON PLAN BY: KATY LARSON 10 TH GRADE WORLD HISTORY/STANDARD

THE PATH TO WAR: FASCISM RISES IN EUROPE CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARD 10.

IMPACT OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES  The treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement between the allies and Germany at the end of the first world war. The German authorities had little choice but to accept the terms of the treaty presented by 'the big three”

GERMANY’S HARSH PUNISHMENT  End of the German empire, Weimar republic established  Limited military (100,000 in army or air force)  Financial reparations to be paid to the allied powers  Dawes plan of 1924– payment plan for Germany  Triangle financing (us>ger>European allies>us)  War guilt- Germany had to take full blame for WWI  Germans did not feel they had lost the war, greatly despised the allied powers

 Territorial losses:  Regions of the German empire, and all German overseas colonies were given to various allied nations (included vital industrial areas and resource rich territories)  Demilitarized border with France  Rhineland and Saar regions GERMANY’S HARSH PUNISHMENT

ITALY’S DISAPPOINTMENT Felt betrayed by the other “Council of Four” nations  Entered WWI by the Secret Treaty of London Britain had offered Italy large sections of territory in the Adriatic sea region – Tyrol, Dalmatia and Istria.  Promised Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman territory  Only gained the Tyrol and Istria. No gains in Africa  The government came over as weak and lacking pride in Italy. For Nationalists, the failure of the government to stand up to the "big three" at Versailles was unforgivable.

GLOBAL CONSEQUENCES New nations created out of the former Russian, ottoman, German, and Austro-Hungarian empires:  Some nationalities were ignored (Africans and Arabs)  Division of German and ottoman empires by great Britain and France (Africa and middle east) and by the united states and japan (pacific islands). League of nations established in 1920  Would settle international disputes  United states ultimately rejected membership

THE GREAT DEPRESSION Stock market crash of 1929 (united states)  Global economy allowed for depression to spread  15-40% unemployment rate  Many turned to socialist revolutionary groups Reparation crisis in Germany  Still forced to pay allies  Inflation and hyper inflation occurs  Printed more money than they had in value

Fascism Social Supported by middle class, Industrialists, and military Chief Examples Italy Spain Germany Nationalism authoritarianism state more important than the individual charismatic leader action oriented Economic economic functions controlled by state corporations or state Political nationalist racist (Nazism) one-party rule supreme leader Militarism Illusion of power Provided an ordered and stable society Popular because of the chaos that followed WWI and the depression

ITALIAN FASCISM Fascism fueled by Italy's failure to win large territorial gains at the Paris peace conference. Inflation and unemployment fueled Mussolini founds the fascist party in Economic downturn makes fascists popular. Political party: The Fascisti Parliamentary wing: The Black Shirts - Started the “White Terror”  Suppressed socialist workers and peasants  Won the support of landed elites and industrialists - Modeled after Garibaldi’s Red Shirts

BENITO MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER Mussolini promised to rescue Italy’s economy and rebuild armed forces. March on Rome (October 1922) Mussolini made the Italian Prime Minister Cq2PUHGj3a8 Cq2PUHGj3a8

GERMAN NAZISM Political party :national socialist workers party Parliamentary wing: the Brown Shirts (SA) - Public attacks against Spartacists and socialist institutions - Blamed democrats and Jewish People for Germany’s WWI loss

NAZI’S GAIN CONTROL Adolf Hitler appointed chancellor January 30, 1933– Machtergreifung (Seizure of Power) Enabling Act (march 1933) - Allowed Hitler to suspend the constitution Established the Third Reich Night of long knives (june1934) - Political enemies eliminated - Gained support for the German military Night of broken glass- Kristallnacht - November Response against Jews for the death of a Nazi politician. Thousands of Jewish synagogues, homes, and businesses destroyed Many Jewish families begin to be sent to concentration camps