PLANS & ORDERS

REFERENCES FM 5-0 Army Planning and Orders Production Changed Reference to FM 6-0 from FM 101-5

AGENDA Plans Orders Example of OPORD

Plans A plan is a design for a future or an anticipated operation. Page G-3, FM 5-0

Plans (Con’t) Operations plan (OPLAN)- any plan for the preparation, execution, and assessment of military operations. States critical assumptions that form the basis of the plan. Becomes an OPORD when the CDR sets an execution time. Service support plan (SSPLAN)- provides information and instructions covering an operation’s service and support. Supporting plan – a plan prepared by a supporting commander or subordinate commander to satisfy the requests or requirements of the supported commander’s plan Pgs G-3 & G-4, FM 5-0

Plans (Con’t) Contingency plan – a plan for major contingencies that can reasonably be anticipated in the principal geographic sub-areas of the command. Prepared to gain flexibility since operations never proceed exactly as planned Two types: Branch = an option built into the basic plan or course of action based on anticipated events, opportunities, or disruptions caused by the enemy Sequel = operations that follow the current operation based on the anticipated outcomes (success, failure, or stalemate) Pg G-4, FM 5-0

Orders An order is a communication written, oral, or by signal, which conveys instructions from a superior to a subordinate. ORDER vs COMMAND: An order implies discretion in the details of execution (IAW JP 1-02). Pg G-4, FM 5-0

Orders Expression of the Commander’s visualization, intent, and decisions focusing on the expected results Tell subordinates “What” rather than “How” Focus a subordinates activities Provide Task, activities, constraints, and coordinating instructions necessary for successful completion of missions. Communicates instructions in a standard, recognizable, clear, and simple format.

Orders (Con’t) Combat orders- pertain to strategic, operational, or tactical operations and their service and support. Combat orders include: Operation orders (OPORD) Service support order (SSORD) Movement order Warning order (WARNO) Fragmentary order (FRAGO) Pgs G-4 & G-5, FM 5-0

Characteristics Of Orders Simplicity Brevity Clarity Completeness Coordination Flexibility Timeliness

Techniques For Issuing Orders WRITTEN MATRIX GRAPHICS & OVERLAYS VERBAL

The Written OPORD 5 Paragraphs 1. SITUATION 2. MISSION 3. EXECUTION 4. SERVICE SUPPORT 5. COMMAND & SIGNAL Base OPORD should address the overall concept of the mission. Use ANNEXs for WFF specific information Pgs G-16 thru G-85, FM 5-0

The Written OPORD (Example) Situation Enemy Forces- Capabilities, Disposition, Composition, MPCOA, MDCOA. Brief MPCOA and MDCOA by forms of contact OIDOCARE. (Products for briefing include DOCTEMP, SITEMPs and Enemy Organization Diagram) Friendly Forces- BDE and BN Mission, Commander’s Intent, and Concept of Operations. Adjacent Unit’s location, task and purpose (Products for brief include Concept Sketches, and Ops Overlay) Environment Terrain: Use aspects of terrain, OAKOC (Products to brief are AO/ AI, MCOO) Weather: Aspects of weather, WVTCP Civil Considerations: ASCOPE/PEOPLE MC3 TTP is to brief Environment first in order to visualize terrain, Enemy and friendly in relation to each other

The Written OPORD (Example) 2. Mission Who, What, When, Where and Why (derived from the task and purpose assigned to your company from the battalion OPORD) Link Method to Task IOT Purpose, See Example in next slide

Method (Type of Operation or Maneuver) Information Operations Mission Statement – (who) METHOD to TASK (when) in order to PURPOSE “TF 3-67 attacks to destroy forces vic OBJ Silver NLT 100500ZJUL04 in order to allow TF 2-8 to seize OBJ Gold” Method (Type of Operation or Maneuver) Task Purpose Admin Movement Area Defense Area Recon Area Security Ambush Attack Counterattack Convoy Security Cover Delay Demonstrate Encirclement Envelopment Exploit Feint Guard Infiltration Mobile Defense MTC Passage of Lines Perimeter Defense Pursuit Raid Recon Recon in Force Relief in Place Retirement River Crossing Route Recon Screen Search and Attack Stay-behind Spoiling Attack TRM Withdrawal Zone Recon Actions by Friendly Effects on Enemy Information Operations Allow Cause Create Deceive Deny Divert Enable Envelop Influence Open Protect Prevent Support Surprise Assault Attack-by-Fire Breach Bypass Clear CSAR Consolidate & Reorganize Control Counter-recon Disengagement Exfiltrate Follow and Assume Follow and Support Linkup Occupy Reconstitution Reduce Retain Secure Seize Support-by-Fire Suppress Block Canalize Contain Defeat Destroy Disrupt Fix Interdict Isolate Neutralize Penetrate Turn Tactical Effects I/O Effects Damage Degrade Limit Co-opt Disorganize Inform Organize Warn Method: Attack: - Spoiling Attack Forms of Maneuver: - Envelopment - Frontal Attack - Infiltration - Penetration - Turning Movement Combined Arms Breach Operations Note: Method list is not all inclusive FM 3-0, 3-90, and 101-5-1

The Written OPORD (Example) 3. Execution Commander’s Intent: Expanded Purpose, Key Tasks, and Endstate (Endstate consists of friendly and enemy in relation to terrain). Concept of Operation: Decisive Point, Task and Purpose for each platoon and designation of main effort, and supporting efforts. Critical events and risk for the operation. Concept of fires, engineers, and support. Endstate of the operation. (Use Concept Sketch to brief) 3a1. Scheme of Maneuver: Broken into phases of the operation to cover exactly what each subordinate element is doing from the start to the end of each phase. The primary points should be order of movement, orientation of fires, weapons control status, routes, etc. (Use the terrain board, map with ops overlay and execution matrix to brief).

The Written OPORD (Example) 3. Execution (Continued) Concept of Fires: Give an overview of fires explaining how they will allow the company to achieve its purpose. Break down the briefing of fires by essential fire support task and brief in the task, purpose, method, and effect format. Concept of Engineers: Give an overview of how the engineers will allow the company to achieve its purpose. Break down the brief by essential mobility and survivability tasks and brief in task, purpose, method, and effect format. Concept of Additional Assets (ADA, PSYOPS, CA, ETC): Brief by Task Purpose, Method and Effect. Tasks to Maneuver Units: Brief all tasks for each platoon to make sure the platoon leaders know exactly what they have to do.

The Written OPORD (Example) 3. Execution (Continued) Coordinating Instructions: -Time or condition the order is effective -Timeline -Rehearsal/PCC/PCI guidance -Commander’s Critical Information Requirement (CCIR) includes PIR and FFIR -Risk Reduction Control Measures -Rules of engagement -Environmental Considerations -Force Protection (MOPP Level) -Anything not covered

The Written OPORD (Example) 4. Service Support: Concept of Support- Summarize how support will allow the Company to achieve its purpose Material and Services- Classes of Supply, priority on Class III and Class V. Maintenance Plan-recovery plan, UMCP operations, dispatching, BDAR, resupply/parts flow Health Service Support- MEDEVAC/CASEVAC, AXP locations, CCPs, etc. Additional information as required

The Written OPORD (Example) 5. Command and Signal: Command- Battalion/Company Location of Command and Succession of Command Signal- Current SOI Index, and near and far recognition signals, methods of marking a breach lane, marking cleared objectives, alternate signals to lift, shift, cease fires, etc. Conclude order by stating the current time, asking for questions and stating when conformation briefs will be conducted.