Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.1 مقرر طب وجراحة العيون الفصل الثاني – لعام 1428/1429هـ

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.2 OCULAR ANATOMY GLOBE (EYE BALL) CONJUNCTIVA & EYELIDS LACRIMAL SYSTEM EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES NERVES ORBIT

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.4 THE GLOBE(EYEBALL): TOPOGRAPHY & OPTICAL SYSTEM LAYERS(COATES) CHAMBERS LENS & ZONULES

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.5 THE EYEBALL,cont’d: TOPOGRAPHY & OPTICAL SYSTEM: Axial length..24 mm. Equator..16 mm.posterior to limbus Diopteric power: cornea … 40 D lens … 20 D

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.7 THE GLOBE(EYEBALL): TOPOGRAPHY & OPTICAL SYSTEM LAYERS(COATES) CHAMBERS LENS & ZONULES

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.8 COATES OF EYE OUTERMIDDLE “Uveal tract”INNER CORNEAIRISRETINA LIMBUSCILIARY BODY _____ SCLERACHOROID _____

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.9 OUTER COATE (LAYER): PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM CORNEA SCLERA LIMBUS

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.10 PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM: THREE LAYERS: –Outer most : lipids …Meibomian, Zeiss and Moll glands –Middle : aqueous(watery) …Lacrimal and accessory lacrimal glands –Inner most : mucinous(mucoid) …Goblet cells

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.11 PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM: FUNCTIONS: –Optical clarity –Nutrition –Defense mechanism

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.13 OUTER COATE (LAYER): PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM CORNEA SCLERA LIMBUS

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.15 CORNEA : THREE LAYERS: –Epithelium / Bowman’s membrane –Stroma –Endothelium / Descemete’s membrane DIAMETER : 12 mm.Horiz. / 11 mm.Vertic. NERVE : Trigeminal,nonmylinated BLOOD SUPPLY: NONE “AVASCULAR”

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.19 OUTER COATE (LAYER): PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM CORNEA SCLERA LIMBUS

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.22 SCLERA : THREE LAYERS : –Episclera –Stroma –Lamina fusca TWO OPPENINGS : anterior & posterior THICKEST..1 mm., THINNEST..0.3mm NERVES : anterior;long ciliary n. posterior;short ciliary n. both:sensory from trigeminal n.: EXTREMELY PAINFULL WHEN INFLAMMED

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.23 SCLERA,cont’d: BLOOD SUPPLY: –Episclera & choroidal vesseles. –Anterior to recti muscle’s insertion:- Anterior ciliary arteries  ciliary injection –Posterior to recti muscle’s insertion:- Posterior ciliary arteries LYMPHATICS : None

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.24 OUTER COATE (LAYER): PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM CORNEA SCLERA LIMBUS

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.27 LIMBUS: It is corneo-scleral junction Covered by conj./Tenon’s capsule Aqueous humor drainage system Nerves:autonomic n.& sensory from trigeminal n. Blood:ant.ciliary arteries&episcleral vesseles

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.28 COATES OF EYE OUTERMIDDLE “Uveal tract”INNER CORNEAIRISRETINA LIMBUSCILIARY BODY _____ SCLERACHOROID _____

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.29 MIDDLE COATE: =Uveal tract (uvea = grape ( عنب 3 parts : ANTERIORINTER- MEDIATE POSTERIOR IRIRSCILIARY BODY CHOROID

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.32 IRIS (:(القزحية It has a central hole (pupil) to control light entering the eye ( ↓ glare) It’s thinnest at its insertion to Ciliary Body! (traumatic iris dialysis) Two layers: anterior  stroma posterior  epithelium Two muscles: sphincter pupillae m.(para.n.) dilator pupillae m.(sym.n.)

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.33 IRIS, IRIS,cont’d: Blood : major arterial circle of iris Nerve : sensory,nasociliary n.(5 th C.N.)

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.34 CILIARY BODY: It’s a triangular organ,base forward Two portions: uveal & epithelial –Uveal portion:3 muscles;longitudinal,radial and circular –Epithelial portion:pars plicata & pars plana Blood:majot arterial circle of iris Nerve:short ciliary nerves

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.37 CHOROID: It’s posterior part of uveal tract It’s 3 vascular layers, inner most : choriocapillaris Blood: anterior & post. Ciliary arteries, drainage via vortex veins Nerve : short ciliary nerves

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.38 COATES OF EYE OUTERMIDDLE “Uveal tract”INNER CORNEAIRISRETINA LIMBUSCILIARY BODY _____ SCLERACHOROID _____

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.40 INNER COATE: Eyeball,INNER COATE: RETINA : –Two major layers: Retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE).. Outermost Neuro-sensory retina.. Innermost : –Subdivided into 10 layers : »Photoreceptors (rods,cones) … outermost »Nerve fiber layer … innermost –Centrally : Macula, fovea, foveola –Blood : choriocapillaris & central retinal artery –Functions :

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.44 THE GLOBE(EYEBALL): TOPOGRAPHY & OPTICAL SYSTEM LAYERS(COATES) CHAMBERS LENS & ZONULES

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.45 CHAMBERS: Eye,CHAMBERS: ANT.CHM.POS.CHMVIT.CAVIT AnteriorlyCornea IrisL.,zon.,CB posteriorlyIris,lens Ant vit faceRet.,opt.n. LaterallyA/c angle Cil processRetina medially ---Lens equato--- volume 0.20 ml0.06 ml4.50 ml Filled by Aqueous h. Vitreous h.

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.47 Anterior chamber ANGLE: Between peripheral cornea & iris root ANGLE STRUCTURES: anterior to posterior –Schwalbe’s line –Trabecular meshwork  Schlemm’s canal –Scleral spur FUNCTION : Drainage of aqueous humor

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.53 THE GLOBE(EYEBALL): TOPOGRAPHY & OPTICAL SYSTEM LAYERS(COATES) CHAMBERS LENS & ZONULES

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.55 LENS: Eyeball, LENS: Biconvex,transparent,colorless No vesseles,no nerves Held in position by zonules 10 mm.in diameter,4 mm.thick Consist of : –Lens capsule –Anterior lens epithelium –Lens substances: cortex(new f.)&nucleus(old f.)

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.56 LENS..cont’d: Lens suture lines:ant.”y”,post.inverted”y” Contains 65% water, 35% proteins, trace minerals,↑ K+,ascorbic acid and glutathione. AGING: –Larger –Harder(less elastic) –Coloring: yellow  deep brown.why?

Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.57 ZONULE : = Zonule of Zinn, suspensory ligament Collagen fibrils Attach to nonpigmented epithelium of ciliary body and either sides of lens equator

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.64 OCULAR ANATOMY GLOBE (EYE BALL) CONJUNCTIVA & EYELIDS LACRIMAL SYSTEM EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES NERVES ORBIT

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.67 OCULAR ANATOMY GLOBE (EYE BALL) CONJUNCTIVA & EYELIDS LACRIMAL SYSTEM EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES NERVES ORBIT

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.70 OCULAR ANATOMY GLOBE (EYE BALL) CONJUNCTIVA & EYELIDS LACRIMAL SYSTEM EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES NERVES ORBIT

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.76 OCULAR ANATOMY GLOBE (EYE BALL) CONJUNCTIVA & EYELIDS LACRIMAL SYSTEM EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES NERVES ORBIT

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.79 OCULAR ANATOMY GLOBE (EYE BALL) CONJUNCTIVA & EYELIDS LACRIMAL SYSTEM EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES NERVES ORBIT

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Ocular AnatomyS.Khairallah, M.D.84 سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك..استغفرك اللهم و أتوب اليك