NIGERIA PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY CONFERENCE – SOLARCON 2014 OVERVIEW – THE ROLE OF PROFESSIONALS IN SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ENGR. OTIS ANYAEJI, FAEng, FNSE MANAGING DIRECTOR/ CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER O.T.OTIS ENGINEERING LTD

Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW =10 15 W) of incoming solar radiation at the upper atmosphere at any given time

In Nigeria, solar radiation intensities range between 3.5 to 70kWhm –2 /day, with an average solar radiation intensity of 5.535kWh/ m 2 /day. The average sunlight duration is about hours daily. The average annual solar energy incident in Nigeria is approx ×10 15 kWh and this value is about 27 times the country's total fossil energy resources in energy units and over 115,000 times the electrical power produced. SOLAR AVAILABILITY

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATION SOLAR ENERGY THERMAL APPLICATION SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

Photovoltaics (or PV) is the field of technology related to the application of solar cells for energy by converting solar energy directly into electricity A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is a semiconductor device consisting of a large-area p-n junction diode, which in the presence of sunlight is capable of generating usable electrical energy. Materials that absorb the visible light are known as semiconductor materials. Semiconductor is a poor electrical conductor SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATION

If a piece of p-type silicon is placed in intimate contact with a piece of n-type silicon, then a diffusion of electrons occurs and current will flow Examples of semiconductor materials employed in solar cells include silicon, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, and copper indium selenide.

A solar thermal plant is composed of two quite distinct fields. First is the power block which is quite similar to the power blocks installed in any electrical power plant. This power block is comprised of a series of units such as the turbine, alternator, condenser, exchangers, pumps etc., which are units that have been extensively tested in the industrial market and are produced by a large number of manufacturers. SOLAR ENERGY THERMAL APPLICATION

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Technology systems use mirrors or lenses with tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight onto a small area. The concentrated light is then used as heat or as a heat source for a conventional power plant (solar thermoelectricity). The solar concentrators used in CSP systems can often also be used to provide industrial process heating or cooling, such as in solar air-conditioning. TECHNOLOGIES

Concentrating technologies exist in five common forms, namely Parabolic Trough Solar Electric Generating System; Enclosed Trough; Dish Stirlings System; Concentrating Linear Fresnel Reflector; and Solar Power Tower The different components of a solar power plant can be manufactured in Nigeria and professionals can also find space in that segment of solar power value chain CSP TECHNOLOGIES

SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

THE ROLE OF PROFESSIONALS

CONCLUSION Project Management is the key factor in the development of Solar Energy. Stakeholders involved include: 1.Project Owners 2.Consultants/Service Providers 3.Contractors DELIVERABLES 1.Feasibility Studies 2.Bankable Feasibility Studies 3.Basic & Detailed Engineering Design 4.Civil & Erection Works FUNDING SOURCES 1.Government Policy Based Finance from Federal Account, CBN Discount Rate, Excess Crude, Pension fund, etc 1.International Donors 2.MDAs 3.Private Sector

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