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WHAT IS LIFE? Section 1

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS 1.Cellular Organization 2.The Chemicals of Life 3.Energy Use 4.Response to Surroundings 5.Growth and Development 6.Reproduction

1. CELLULAR ORGANIZATION What are cells? A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in an organism Organisms composed of only 1 cell Ex: Bacterias Unicellular Organisms composed of many cells Ex: Humans, plants etc. Multicellular

2. THE CHEMICALS OF LIFE The cells of all living things are composed of chemicals Chemicals in cells Water Most abundant chemical CarbohydratesEnergy Source Lipids and Proteins Building Material Nucleic acidsGenetic Material

3. ENERGY USE The cells of organisms use energy to do what living things must do Examples: When reading Eye and brain cells are working When healing injuries Blood cells work

4. RESPONSE TO SURROUNDINGS All organisms react to changes in their environment Stimulus: A change in an organisms surroundings Response: An action or change in behavior Unknown person Dog barks EXAMPLE

5. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT All living things grow and develop Growth: the process of becoming larger. Development: The process of change that occurs during an organisms life to produce a more complex organism.

6. REPRODUCTION All organisms are able to reproduce or produce offspring that are similar to the parents Offspring: Descendants of a person, animal, plant etc. Examples: CATS KITTENS HUMANS BABIES PLANTS SEEDS

LIFE COMES FROM LIFE LIVING THINGS ARISE FROM LIVING THINGS THROUGH REPRODUCTION Many years ago people believed that life could appear from nonliving material (Spontaneous Generation) FRANCESCO REDI Redi tried to prove spontaneous generation belief was wrong NEXT

REDI’S CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT

LOUIS PASTEUR With his experiments people finally accepted that spontaneous generation is wrong

PASTEUR’S CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT

THE NEEDS OF LIVING THINGS Needs of Living Things Food Heterotrophs Autotrophs Water It breaks down food and dissolves chemicals Living Space Organisms compete Stable Internal Conditions Homeostasis

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