Crime and Deviance Unit 3

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

CHAPTER 8 Deviance and Social Control

Advertisements

Deviance? Deviance Deviance - behaviour that differs from the social norms of the group and is judged wrong by other members of that.

Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

Introduction to Crime and Deviance *Though crime is an issue that dominates the public imagination, is the subject of regularly lurid tabloid headlines,

Deviance and Social Control. Norms  Norms are an important part of culture. They help us decide what behaviors are proper and improper in various settings.

Chapter 7 Deviance and Crime Copyright 2012, SAGE Publications, Inc.

Crime and Deviance Sociology Ms. Rybak. What is crime? An action or an instance of negligence that is deemed injurious to the public welfare or morals.

Crime and Deviance An Introduction. What’s the difference? Crime is normally seen as behaviour that breaks the formal, written laws of a society This.

The functionalist perspective of crime and Deviance Learning objective: To understand the functionalist perspective of crime and deviance.

Chapter 7, Deviance, Conformity and Social Control Key Terms.

Defining Deviance.

Chapter 8: Deviance and Social Control Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin Chapter Eight: Deviance.

Conformity and Deviance What is deviance? Theories of deviance.

CREATING DEVIANCE: Both conformity and deviance are shaped by society How does one become deviant?  What causes someone to engage in the deviant behavior.

Crime and Deviance Chapter 5. The Nature of Deviance Deviance: behavior a considerable number of people in a society view as reprehensible and intolerable.

Phenomenology is a view that emphasises the subjective and introspective nature of our experience. Mainly developed through the work of Schutz it has led.

Labelling theories of crime and deviance

The Nature of Deviance Deviance is behavior that departs from societal or group norms. Deviance is a matter of social definition–it can vary from group.

Deviance, Crime and Social Control

Australian Subculture

McGraw-Hill © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 DEVIANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL.

Bellwork 11-3 What does deviant mean to you?

Chapter 7 Deviant Behavior. Positivism Both biological and psychological views of criminal behavior seethe individual at fault in some way, not society.

How is Culture transmitted to the next generation?  Objectives:  To be able to describe three ways that society ensures people conform to norms and values.

Deviance. What is it? Behavior that departs from societal or group norms Ranges from criminal behavior to wearing heavy make-up Deviance is a matter of.

Deviant Behavior.

Deviance and Social Control. What is Deviance? To move away or stray from a set of standards in society Refers to a violation of norms According to Howards.

Crime and Deviance Chapter 5. Discussion Outline I. The Nature of Deviance II. Theories of Deviance III. Crime and the Criminal Justice System.

Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

How to navigate this Slide Show:

Social Control  All societies have ways to promote order, stability and predictability in social life. Without social control, social life would be unpredictable,

How do we define and control social behavior. SOCIAL CONTROL  Mechanisms that attempt to deter deviant behavior  Means to promote stability within society.

Social Deviance.

Deviance any variation from the social norm Macionis, Sociology Chapter Nine.

SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e SOCIOLOGY Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control This multimedia product and its contents are protected under.

Chapter 6 Deviance. Social Control Attempts by society to regulate people’s thought and behavior. Conformity – going along with peers Obedience – compliance.

UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SOCIETY  CRIME AND DEVIANCE.

Chapter 7 Deviance.

Understanding the Criminal Justice System CJUS 101 Chapter 1: Crime and the Nature of Law.

Easter Revision Class! When? Thursday 11 th April 9am – 2pm Who? Intervention list – compulsory Not on intervention list – highly recommended Where? –

INTERACTIONIST THEORY ON CRIME Who gets labelled as a criminal and why?

Perspectives On Deviance There are many perspectives on crime and deviance. Some look at the differences between deviants and others while others argue.

Introduction to Sociology

Socio-cultural Explanations of Schizophrenia Labelling.

Labeling Deviance Symbolic-Interaction Analysis.

Crime and Deviance Chapter 5. Crime and Deviance: Discussion Outline I. The Nature of Deviance II. Theories of Deviance III. Crime and the Criminal Justice.

AS Law An Introduction. AS Law What is Law? It is difficult to give a short simple answer to this question. There is no generally agreed definition. A.

Introduction to criminal psychology

Mary: ummm…y? oh…this is hard…no idea

What is Crime and Deviance?

Chapter 7, Deviance, Conformity and Social Control

“Deviance”.

Social Control All societies have ways to promote order, stability and predictability in social life. Without social control, social life would be unpredictable,

Essentials of Sociology 7th Edition

CRIME AND DEVIANCE SCLY4.

Labelling theory and Crime and Deviance

Introduction to Crime and Deviance

From Memory No Discussion No Prompts

Questions to Think About in this Topic

RECAP!! Check your understanding of Crime and Deviance…Kahoot Quiz

Write down what you can remember in a spider diagram

Questions to Think About in this Topic

Deviance Chapter 7.

Questions to Think About in this Topic

Which man might the judge be more likely to convict? Why?

Deviance & Crime Part 1.

What is deviance? Deviance is the recognized violation of cultural norms Social norms guide virtually all human activities, so the concept of deviance.

Crime and Deviance Beliefs in Society

REVISION SESSION #1 Crime and Deviance.

Presentation transcript:

Crime and Deviance Unit 3 Part 1: Presentation Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Objectives of Chapter 1 Following this lesson you should: Must: Be able to define deviance and crime. Should: Explain how both deviance and crime are social constructions. Explain how deviance and crime can vary between cultures and across timeframes . Could: Analyse Howard Becker's view that no action in itself is deviant until defined as such. Analyse how deviant and criminal behaviour are controlled by rules, social mores and sanctions. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Consider this.. "All crime is, by definition deviant behaviour, but not all forms of deviance is crime” (Sociology central, 2012) Now do the following exercise P258 Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? What is Deviance? Deviant behaviour is: Behaviour that incurs public disapproval. Behaviour subject to some form of sanction. Behaviour that differs from the normal. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Anthony Giddens: definition of deviance ‘Non-conformity to a given norm, or set of norms, which are accepted by a significant number of people in a community or society’ (Anthony Giddens 1993). Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Becker and Labelling Theory: page 259 Task No action in itself is deviant. It has to excite some social reaction from others. Howard Becker (above) highlights the social construction of deviance by stating: It depends upon who commits it, who sees it, and what action is taken about it. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Question: can what is seen has ‘deviant’ change over time? Consider this example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABCDPGzjalQ Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Copyright © Harry Venning, Guardian Newspapers Ltd. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Deviance is Relative Definitions of deviance will clearly vary between: Cultures Time Periods Sub-cultures Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Are These Acts of Deviance? Look at the pictures on the next few slides. Identify in what ways they may be viewed as deviant. Note deviance does not need to be criminal, have any crimes been broken in these pictures? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Controlled by Sanctions Deviant behaviour is effectively controlled by sanctions that promote conformity. Sanctions may be: or Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Formal Sanctions Sanctions that are a part of institutions Police Courts Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Informal Sanctions Disapproval Public shaming Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Legal Definitions of Crime The OED (oxford English dictionary) defines crime as: ‘an act punishable by law, as being forbidden by statute’. Crime is therefore a specific act of deviance that breaks society’s formal rules or laws. The process of law-making is a social one since laws are human products. For example: Racism Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Normative Definitions of Crime Besides the legal definition Mooney et al. (2000) suggest a normative definition of crime. Hence society is largely unsympathetic to criminals who have been caught – e.g. “they get what they deserve”. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Religious Crimes Before industrialisation the most serious crimes were typically religious in nature: Heresy Sacrilege Blasphemy Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

‘Just’ and ‘Unjust’ Laws Some people regularly flout laws. Dog licences were withdrawn because so few bought them. For example, many people ignore 30 mph laws in towns or 70 mph on motorways Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Middle-class Criminals? Steal stationery ‘Respectable’ people may: Put private letters through office mail Make private phone calls at work Fiddle expenses Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? White Collar Crime Marxists argue there is an enormous amount of white-collar and corporate crime. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Crime is not Fixed or Permanent Homosexuality and abortion are no longer crimes in most societies. Cannabis was recently declassified to a Class C drug. During the period of ‘prohibition’ in the USA the possession and consumption of alcohol was illegal. Sexism is now illegal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8LY25EAYYI Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Conclusions on Chapter 2 Deviance is behaviour by individuals or social groups that fails to conform to culturally expected norms of behaviour. It is a relative concept – no act in itself is deviant per se. Labelling theory makes the important point that it is the social reaction or label that defines an act as ‘deviant’. Sanctions can be positive or negative, formal or informal. Deviance is distinct from crime, although crimes tend to be deviant behaviour, not all deviance is criminal. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Conclusions (continued) Deviance is controlled by sanctions. Crime is a formal act of deviance that violates statute law. Besides this legal definition, it carries normative judgements – criminals are not viewed sympathetically. In pre-industrial society most crimes were religious in nature, or acts of theft against the aristocracy. According to people’s value judgements crimes can be ‘just’ or ‘unjust’. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Social construction of crime WARM-UP: IT’S CRIMINAL . . . Imagine (it’s easy if you try) you are walking in a forest and you chance upon a large, recently uprooted tree. If nobody heard it, what sort of sound did it make as it fell to the ground? Now, imagine you have committed a crime – but nobody saw you do it. Identify, explain and discuss some arguments for and against the idea that you are ‘a criminal’. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Becker and Labelling Theory: No action in itself is deviant. It has to excite some social reaction from others. Howard Becker (above) highlights the social construction of deviance by stating: It depends upon who commits it, who sees it, and what action is taken about it. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Master Labels Master labels. Becker (1963) suggests these are such powerful labels that everything about a person is interpreted in the light of the label Can you give an example? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance? 3 points of his theory 1. breaking a rule may not always be defined as deviant 2. someone has to draw attention to the act and label it as deviant- normally has a vested interest in doing so 3. If a person is successfully labelled then consequences happen. Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Evidence for labelling theory Mental illness Being sane in insane places https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6bmZ8cVB4o Glaser and Strauss (1965) – study of dying Page 261 Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) – labelling in the classroom page 263 Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?

Criticism of labelling theory Sunday, 16 April 2017 Deviance Chapter 1: Social Construction of Crime and Deviance?