Comparisons between Democracy and Communism. The Cold War in Europe 1945-1961.

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Presentation transcript:

Comparisons between Democracy and Communism

The Cold War in Europe

Anti-Communist Pamphlet-1930’s

The Alliance Breaks Down Americans and Soviets shared a common enemy during the war: the Nazis Once the war ended, U.S.-Soviet alliance began to break down “Cold War” began soon after 1945

Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin at the Yalta Conference

Post-War Germany: A Fragmented State

The Soviets occupied much of Eastern Europe and proceeded to establish communist “puppet regimes” there The U.S. and other Western nations condemned these actions as unacceptable and undemocratic

In 1946, Winston Churchill of Britain made a speech that claimed an “Iron Curtain” of communism had descended across Europe Stalin interpreted this statement as a call for war against the Soviet Union

The Bomb Some historians have argued that Hiroshima and Nagasaki should be seen as the opening salvo of the Cold War Soviet spies had already infiltrated the Manhattan Project to steal U.S. nuclear secrets by 1945 Soviets detonated their first bomb in 1949

The Cold War Goes Global In 1947, the Soviets supported communist forces in Greece and Turkey Truman believed he needed to take action to stop the spread of communism there George F. Kennan suggested that “containment” would be the most effective way to deal with communist aggression

“I believe it must be the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressure.” President Harry Truman, 1947

The Marshall Plan U.S. would provide $18 billion in aid to W. Europe to help it recover from WWII Appeal of communism would be diminished Marshall Plan money was also offered to E. Europe, but Stalin did not allow countries there to accept it Labeling used on aid packages

The Berlin Airlift Stalin attempted to shut off access to West Berlin in 1948 U.S. responded by airlifting supplies to the people of West Berlin Stalin backed down

The Berlin Wall Constructed in 1961 to prevent East Germans from escaping to the West Became the symbol of the Cold War Escape attempts over, around, and through the wall became famous