Public Speaking Handbook 3rd edition Chapter 1 Introduction to Public Speaking This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: ·        any public performances or display, including transmission of any image over a network; ·        preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; ·        any rental, lease, or lending of the program. ©2010 Pearson Education

“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” - Chinese Proverb ©2010 Pearson Education

Why Study Public Speaking? Empowerment Help you achieve goals. Gives you the “edge”. Helps you display confidence. Helps you express conviction. ©2010 Pearson Education

Employment Leaders are needed: to inform others to be organized, and to hold listeners attention. Communication: top skill that helps graduate land a job. ©2010 Pearson Education

Public Speaking and Conversation Public Speaking Is Planned Requires more practice. Requires more preparation. Requires more research. ©2010 Pearson Education

Public Speaking Is Formal Uses fewer slang expressions Uses less casual terms. Nonverbal communication is more formal. Gestures are more planned. ©2010 Pearson Education

The Roles of Public Speakers and Audiences Are Clearly Defined Less interactive than conversation. Interruptions seldom happen. ©2010 Pearson Education

The Communication Process Communication as Action Messages travel in a one-way direction. Source encodes (sends out) a message. Message: what is said and how it is said. Channel: how the message is sent. Receiver decodes (translates) a message. Noise: any interference with a message. ©2010 Pearson Education

A Model of Communication as Action: Figure 1.1 ©2010 Pearson Education

Communication as Interaction Message can be affected by feedback from the other person. Messages are sent in some context: circumstances of a speech is: Time. Place. Speaker’s expectations. Audience’s expectations. ©2010 Pearson Education

An Interactive Model of Communication: Figure 1.2 ©2010 Pearson Education

Communication as Transaction Senders of a message are also receiving messages at the same time. Receivers of a message are also sending messages at the same time. ©2010 Pearson Education

A Transactive Model of Communication: Figure 1.3 ©2010 Pearson Education

The Rich Heritage of Public Speaking Fourth Century B.C. Golden age for rhetoric in Greece. Rhetoric: the use of words and symbols to achieve a goal. ©2010 Pearson Education

Medieval Europe Clergy were very Martin Luther: skilled speakers. spoke about “Articles of Faith.” ©2010 Pearson Education

Nineteenth Century Spoke for states’ rights. Spoke to abolish slavery. Spoke for women’s rights. Delivered already famous speeches (declamation) Focused on elocution (effective delivery of a speech) ©2010 Pearson Education

Twentieth Century Radio and television help many to hear speeches. War Holocaust Civil rights Democracy across the world. ©2010 Pearson Education

Twenty-first Century Hollywood involved in speeches. Streaming video captures speeches globally. Terrorism influences public address. ©2010 Pearson Education

Public Speaking and Diversity A Coherent Framework Diverse audiences have different expectations for appropriate and effective messages. Speakers must understand, affirm and adapt to diverse audiences. ©2010 Pearson Education

Public Speaking and Diversity A Unifying Principle Considering your audience will guide you through speechmaking. Focusing on your audience and its needs will improve your speech. ©2010 Pearson Education