Unit 3: Developmental Psych Day 3: Parenting & Attachment Essential Question – How do humans develop physically, cognitively, and socially throughout the lifespan? Objectives (write this down!): – I can: distinguish between permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative parenting DAILY COMMENTARY (in a spiral notebook!): – What is the difference between assimilation and accomodation? – And: Are you who you are BECAUSE of or IN SPITE of your parents? ON DESK or in my – Interview project questions

Unit 3: Developmental Psych Day 3: Parenting & Attachment Today: – DC – Reviewing Piaget – Parenting Styles – Attachment: PsychInquiry Module – Patterson Article HAVE OUT: – LATE: RJ 3.4 & Patterson Reading: For Tonight: – RJ 3.5 – RJ 3.6 – Vocab Cards ONLY

3 Sensorimotor Stage: Criticisms Piaget believed children in the sensorimotor stage could not think —they do not have any abstract concepts or ideas. However, recent research shows that children in the sensorimotor stage can think and count. 1.Children understand the basic laws of physics. They are amazed at how a ball can stop in midair or disappear.

4 Sensorimotor Stage: Criticisms 2. Children can also count. Wynn (1992, 2000) showed that children stared longer at the wrong number of objects than the right ones.

5 Preoperational Stage: Criticism DeLoache (1987) showed that children as young as 3 years of age are able to use mental operations. When shown a model of a dog’s hiding place behind the couch, a 2½- year-old could not locate the stuffed dog in an actual room, but the 3-year-old did.

6 Egocentrism Piaget concluded that preschool children are egocentric. They cannot perceive things from another’s point of view. When asked to show her picture to mommy, 2-year-old Gabriella holds the picture facing her own eyes, believing that her mother can see it through her eyes.

7 Theory of Mind Preschoolers, although still egocentric, develop the ability to understand another’s mental state when they begin forming a theory of mind. The problem on the right probes such ability in children.

8 Concrete Operational Stage In concrete operational stage, given concrete materials, 6- to 7-year-olds grasp conservation problems and mentally pour liquids back and forth into glasses of different shapes conserving their quantities. Children in this stage are also able to transform mathematical functions. So, if = 12, then a transformation, 12 – 4 = 8, is also easily doable.

9 Formal Operational Stage Around age 12, our reasoning ability expands from concrete thinking to abstract thinking. We can now use symbols and imagined realities to systematically reason. Piaget called this formal operational thinking.

10 Formal Operational Stage Rudiments of such thinking begin earlier (age 7) than what Piaget suggested, since 7-year-olds can solve the problem below (Suppes, 1982). If John is in school, Mary is in school. John is in school. What can you say about Mary?

11 Reflecting on Piaget’s Theory Piaget’s stage theory has been influential globally, validating a number of ideas regarding growth and development in many cultures and societies. However, today’s researchers believe the following: 1.Development is a continuous process. 2.Children express their mental abilities and operations at an earlier age. 3.Formal logic is a smaller part of cognition.

Vygotsky Russian Psychologist who focused on educational theory Zone of Proximal Development – Learning happens best when learner is challenged but not overwhelmed

Parent-Child Attachmnet Harlow Monkey experiment: kI&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode= 1&safe=active kI&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode= 1&safe=active – Shows importance of contact comfort for healthy development

Attachment – 3 types Secure attachment – even when placed in strange situation, infant explores freely in presence of the mother; displays stress when mother leaves & enthusiasm when mother returns

Attachment – 3 types Insecure-avoidant attachment – When placed in strange situation, infant explores but shows littler interest in its mother. Minimal stress when mother leaves; avoids mother upon her return

Attachment – 3 types Insecure-disorganized attachment – (AKA insecure-ambivalent attachment – When placed in strange situation, infant clings to mother and does not explore; shows high stress levels when mother leaves; When mother returns, infant alternately clings to and pushes away from her

Parenting Styles 3 Parenting styles – Authoritarian – Permissive – authoritative

Is it better to be a strict or permissive parent? Three parenting styles: Authoratarian – imposes rules, expects obedience

Is it better to be a strict or permissive parent? Three parenting styles: Permissive – few demands, little punishment, child gets his/her way a lot

Is it better to be a strict or permissive parent? Three parenting styles: Authoritative – demanding and responsive (establishes and enforces rules, but explains reason and allows for discussion when older)

Which parenting method is best? Children of authoritative parents have highest self-esteem, self-reliance, and social competence (true across cultures). Correlation does not mean causation, but it appears that authoritative parents make children feel in control of their lives.

Mnemonic Authora-tat-ive Starts like Authoratarian…. …and ends like Permissive

Patterson Discussion “Children of Lesbian & Gay Parents” – By Charlotte Patterson

Complete PsychInquiry Module This is the program you downloaded to your desktop on Monday. Developing through the Life Span – “Attachment” – Take 15 minutes max

Interview Project When done with Developing Attachment module: Brainstorm your questions now. – Create them as a google document & share it with me so I can provide feedback. – Check them with me before doing interviews.

Extra Credit Option: Write: – A letter to your parents – A letter to your future children Follow format provided in handout (posted online)

Unit 3: Developmental Psych Day 3: Parenting & Attachment Today: – DC – Reviewing Piaget – Parenting Styles – Attachment: PsychInquiry Module – Patterson Article HAVE OUT: – RJ 3.4 & Patterson Reading For Tonight: – RJ 3.5 – RJ 3.6 – Vocab Cards ONLY