CHAPTER 9: RIZAL’S GRAND TOUR OF EUROPE WITH VIOLA

DRESDEN, GERMANY

REGIONAL FLORAL EXPOSITION

PROMETHEUS BOUND

HOW MANY MONTHS? 11 MONTHS! ONLY!!!

DIAMOND STICK PIN

PRAGUE

BY MERE OBSERVATION, HOW CAN YOU PROVE TO ME THAT THE WORLD IS NOT FLAT? Renaissance Religion vs. Science Copernicus Galileo

Psalm 93:1, Psalm 96:10, 1 Chronicles 16:30 TRADITIONS (CHURCH): EARTH AS CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE Psalm 93:1, Psalm 96:10, 1 Chronicles 16:30 “the world is firmly established, it cannot be moved.” Psalm 104: 5 “the Lord set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved.” Ecclesiastes 1:5 “and the sun rises and sets and returns to its place” Heliocentrism (telescope) vs. Geocentrism Copernicus: parallax Heresy = imprisoned

PARALLAX (displacement) as the viewpoint moves side to side, CLOSE = faster, FAR = slower. The planet moves faster when nearer the Sun.

VIENNA

NA-FORWARD KO NA! THANK YOU!!!

DANUBIAN VOYAGE TO LINZ

RHEINFALL, SWITZERLAND

RHEINFALL: WATERFALL

MUNICH

NUREMBERG

IRON MAIDEN

INQUISITION ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH (MEDIEVAL AGES): “inquiry on heretical perversity” justice system of the Roman Catholic Church whose aim was: to "fight against heretics”

GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

EXHIBITION OF IGOROTS IN MADRID EXPOSITION Except: El Liberal mockery is not consistent with human dignity

ROME, ITALY CAPITOLIUM

Tarpeian Rock: execution site

Amphitheatre

CHAPTER 10: FIRST HOMECOMING

Noli Me Tangere: uproar it caused among friars FIRST HOMECOMING WARNING OF PACIANO Noli Me Tangere: uproar it caused among friars not to return home.

PERSISTENCE TO RETURN HOME: To operate on his mother’s eyes To serve his people To find out = Noli and his other writings were affecting Filipinos and Spaniards To inquire why Leonor Rivera remained silent

ARRIVAL IN MANILA He found Manila the same as when he left it 5 years ago the same holes in the roads

HAPPY HOMECOMING In Calamba, Rizal established a medical clinic mother “Doctor Uliman” professional fees/gratis to the poor After 6 months = P5000

he opened a gymnasium tried to interest his town mates in gymnastics, fencing and shooting to discourage cockfights and gambling.

HAPPY HOMECOMING Rizal suffered one failure during his 6 months of sojourn in Calamba: His failure to see Leonor Rivera He tried to go to Dagupan, but his parents absolutely forbade him to go because Leonor’s mother did not like him for a son-in-law Marriages must be arranged by the parents of both groom and bride

STORM OVER NOLI Gov. Gen. Emilio Terrero Malacañang Palace Noli = subversive ideas Jose: not subversive > only the TRUTH Governor: asked for a copy Wrong?> Don Jose Taviel de Andrade Body guard Fr. Federico Faura, S. J. Faculty of UST Truth: you may lose your head Heretical & subversive Dissatisfaction of Terrero Permanent Commission of Censorship Fr. Salvador Font Mass imprisonment? Prohibition = subversive Effect = Public Curiosity/ Interest

ATTACKERS OF NOLI Augustinian, Fr. Jose Rodriguez published 8 pamphlets under the heading of: “Questions of Supreme Interest” Why should I not read them? Beware of them. Why? And what can you tell me of plague? Why do the impious triumph? Do you think there is no really purgatory? Is there or is there no hell? What do you think of these libels? Confession or damnation? Pamphlets: sold daily in the churches after mass. Many Filipinos were forced to buy them in order not to displease the friars

DEFENDERS OF NOLI Rev. Vicente Garcia vs Fr. Rodriguez Rizal cannot be an ignorant man Rizal does not attack the Church and Spain bad Spanish officials and not Spain, and the bad and corrupt friars and not the Church. Fr. Rodriguez said that those who read the Noli Commit a mortal sin; Rodriguez had read the novel, therefore he also commits a mortal sin

CALAMBA'S AGRARIAN TROUBLE Investigation : Friar Estates Land taxes/ tenant relations Gov. Gen. Emilio Terrero Influence of Noli Profits Arbitrary increase: rentals Findings of Rizal contribution fiesta education Improvement: agriculture

FAREWELL TO CALAMBA friars asked the Governor General Terrero to deport Jose, but the latter refused because there was no valid charge against Jose in court. Jose was compelled to leave Calamba for 2 reasons: His presence was jeopardizing the safety and happiness of his family and friends He could fight better his enemies and serve his country’s cause with greater efficacy by writing in foreign countries.

CHAPTER 11: HONGKONG AND MACAU

TRIP TO HONGKONG He was 21: He was 27: first time to leave the country in search of wisdom with beautiful dreams of emancipating his people from bondage by the power of his pen He was 27: as forced to leave the country for a second time Letter to Blumentritt in Hong Kong: At last I can write freely. At last I can express my thoughts without fear of censorship from the chief. Jose Sainz de Varanda shadowed Rizal’s movement in Hongkong

EXPERIENCES IN HONGKONG (2 weeks) Noisy celebration of the Chinese New Year which lasted from Feb. 11-13 The Dominican Order was the richest religious order in Hong Kong. It engaged actively in business It owned more than 700 houses for rent and many shares in foreign banks It had millions of dollars deposited in the banks