SPI  Identify major trade routes (i.e. Mediterranean Sea  Recognize an example of a barter economy

OBJECTIVE  The learner will be able to identify how Phoenicians used a barter economy and how the Mediterranean Sea helped their economy as measured by teacher observation, completion of concept map and TOD.

© Student Handouts, Inc. T HE P HOENICIANS

G EOGRAPHY  Phoenicia was located between the eastern Mediterranean coast and the Lebanon Mountains

G OVERNMENT  Not a unified nation  Consisted of independent city-states

P HOENICIANS W ERE S AILORS  Sailing  No maps or modern technology  Sailed beyond Gibraltar (Pillars of Hercules)  Evidence that they may have circumnavigated Africa

Phoenician Ship

P HOENICIAN C OLONIES  Sailed and colonized throughout the Mediterranean beginning circa 1000 B.C.E.  Gades (Cadiz, Spain)  Carthage (Tunis, Tunisia) most important Phoenician colony. Located in northern Africa

T RADE  Leading sailors and traders of ancient world  Imports:  Gold, silver  Tin, copper, iron  Ivory  Precious stones  Exports:  Pine and cedar logs (there were many cedar forests in the area)  Wine, olive oil  Salt, fish

A LPHABET T HEIR GREATEST A CHIEVEMENT  Carried their civilization and culture where they traded  Adopted and adapted Egyptian hieroglyphics into an alphabet off 22 symbols (letters) representing sounds

Mr. Hall’s Mail Call  Name ONE of the colonies started by the Phoenicians.  Name the most important achievement of the Phoenician civilization.

C AUSE AND EFFECT 1. They became expert traders. 2. Trade routes to the east were blocked by mountains and hostile neighbors. 3. They used the Mediterranean Sea and became expert sailors 4. They had an abundance of cedar, purple dye, silverwork, ivory carvings and slaves