English 213 Term 2, Week 8

“The maelstrom of modern life has been fed from many sources: great discoveries in the physical sciences, changing our images of the universe and our place in it; the industrialization of production, which transforms scientific knowledge into technology, creates new human environments and destroys old ones, speeds up the whole tempo of life, generates new forms of corporate power and class struggle; immense demographic upheavals, severing millions of people from their ancestral habitats, hurtling them halfway across the world into new lives; rapid and often cataclysmic urban growth; systems of mass communication, dynamic in their development, enveloping and binding together the most diverse people and societies; increasingly powerful national states, bureaucratically structured and operated, constantly striving to expand their powers; mass social movements of people, and peoples, challenging their political and economic rulers, striving to gain some control over their lives; finally, bearing and driving all these people and institutions along, an ever- expanding, drastically fluctuating capitalist world market. In the twentieth century, the social processes that bring this maelstrom into being, and keep it in a state of perpetual becoming, have come to be called "modernization." These world-historical processes have nourished an amazing variety of visions and ideas that aim to make men and women the subjects as well as the objects of modernization, to give them the power to change the world that is changing them, to make their way through the maelstrom and make it their own.” -Marshall Berman

“All fixed, fast-frozen relations, with their train of ancient and venerable prejudices and opinions, are swept away, all new-formed ones become antiquated before they can ossify. All that is solid melts into air, all that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senses his real conditions of life, and his relations with his kind.” –The Communist Manifesto Karl Marx

Pissaro Boulevard Montmartre, 1897 Monet “Impression, soleil levant” (1872) Manet “Luncheon on the Grass” Renoir “La Premiere Sortie” (1876-7) Impressionism

“Portrait of Mme Cezanne In Her Armchair” -Cezanne (1877) “Woman in the Hat” -Matisse (1905)

Les Domiselles d’Avignon (1907) Femme Assis (1909) Fanny Tellier (1910) Figure dans un Fauteuil 1909

“Modernists, as I portray them, are at once at home in this world and at odds with it. They celebrate and identify with the triumphs of modern science, art, technology, economics, politics: with all the activities that enable mankind to do what the Bible said only God could do: to 'make all things new'. At the same time, however, they deplore modernization's betrayal of its own human promise. Modernists demand deeper and more radical rewards: modern men and women must become the subjects as well as the objects of modernization; they must learn to change the world that is changing them, and to make it their own. Modernists know this is possible: the fact that the world has changed so much is proof that it can change still more. They can, in a striking phrase of Hegel's, 'look the negative in the face and live with it'... If everything must go, then let it go: modern people have the power to create a better world than the world they have lost.” –Marshall Berman

Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907) Paul Gaugin “Where do we come from? What Are We? Where Are We Going?” (1898)

“Gertrude Stein” (1905)

“Portrait of Mme Cezanne In Her Armchair” -Cezanne

“She had this Cézanne and she looked at it and under its stimulus she wrote Three Lives. The next thing that happened was in the autumn. It was the first year of the autumn salon, the first autumn salon that had ever existed in Paris and they, very eager and excited, went to see it. There they found Matisse's picture afterwards known as La Femme au Chapeau….” -Gertrude Stein