Week 26 Benchmark Review

How are rocks classified? By the process of their formation.

What are the three types of rocks 1.Sedimentary 2.Metamorphic 3.Igneous

How are sedimentary rocks formed? List and describe the four steps. 1. Erosion – breaking down of rock by wind, water, ice and rain 2. Deposition- sediment moved to a new location by a depositional force such as gravity 3. Compaction- layers of sediment being pushed down upon one another 4. Cementation- “Glued” together

What tools does nature use to erode rocks? Wind, water, ice and rain

What has to occur in order for a sedimentary rock to change into a maddymorphic rock? HEAT & PRESSURE

If a rock is melted and then cooled quickly this process will result in a(n) ____________ rock. Igneous

If I were to use playdoh to represent a metamorphic rock, what would I need to do? Apply HEAT & PRESSURE

The presence of igneous rock would most likely suggest that what kind of landform is nearby? Volcano

Which letter in the diagram best represents the location of metamorphic rock formation? C

What must have occurred to an igneous rock during formation MELTING & COOLING

______Erosion A)Process by which wind and water move sediments to a new location. ______Depositon B)Process by which sediments are pressed together and form a rock. ______Compaction C)Breaking down of rock B A C

What does a streak test tell us about a mineral? The TRUE color of the mineral

When streaked, sulfur leaves a yellow powder behind. What is the true color of sulfur? Why? Yellow. Yellow is the true color because the streak is the mineral in powdered form.

Use the table provided to identify a mineral based on its properties. A mineral is metallic, has a true color of black and a hardness of 6. What is the mineral? Pyrite

Look at the table comparing pyrite and gold. Pyrite, also known as “fool’s gold,” looks very similar to the element, gold. Using the information in the table provided, which statement is true? B. Pyrite is harder than gold

If a mineral looks black but leaves a streak of red, what is the true color of the mineral? RED

If two minerals have the same color, same luster, same hardness what physical property would you use next to identify the mineral? a. Acid test

What is the main element in the Earth’s atmosphere? Nitrogen 78%

What element is most abundant in the Earth’s Oceans and solid Earth? Oxygen

Which element is found in large amounts in both solid parts of Earth and in living matter? Oxygen

What element is most abundant in Earth’s crust? Oxygen 47%

What are the four layers of the earth in order? Inner Most to Outer Most Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

Which layer causes plates on our crust to move? Mantle. Specifically, the upper most region called the asthenosphere which contains convection currents.

When two plates move toward each other, what landforms are created? Continental – Continental = Mountains Oceanic – Continental =Trench, Mountains, Volcanoes Oceanic – Oceanic = Island Arc, Trench

When two plates move away from each other, what landforms are created? Rift Valleys Mid-Ocean Ridges

When two plates move side by side, what happens? Faults are formed & earthquakes occur

Draw the causes of a fault line: →← Draw the causes of mountains forming: ↑↓

What did the recordings of earthquake waves help scientists study? The movement of the tectonic plates

Label the different layers of the earth… Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

What natural events along plate boundaries? Mountains formed, islands created, volcanoes erupting, earthquakes

African Pacific Indo-Australian North American What plates are E, F, C & G referencing to?

Trench & Volcano The plates labeled B and A will most likely form a………………?

Good luck on your test!!!!! Just keep SWIMMING…I mean, studying :D