B.F. Skinner  March 20 th, 1904  Background  B.A. English Lit.  Hamilton College  Psychology Grad. Program  Harvard  Influences  Watson  Pavlov.

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Presentation transcript:

B.F. Skinner  March 20 th, 1904  Background  B.A. English Lit.  Hamilton College  Psychology Grad. Program  Harvard  Influences  Watson  Pavlov  Observable Behavior

John Broadus Watson  January 9, 1878  Too poor for Medical Degree  Areas of Focus  Comparative Animal Psychology  Behaviorism  Emotional Conditioning

Watson’s Work  Objectivist  Operationalized behavior  Psychology is a Natural Science  Evolutionary Reactions  (ie. Innate Reflexes)  Environment shapes behavior  Human Conscious

Operant Conditioning  Thorndike’s Law of Effect  Reinforcement on behaviors  Tested  Response rates to reinforcement  Positive vs. Negative  Fixed vs. Variable  Ratio vs. Interval

Type MeaningOutcome Fixed Ratio Reinforcement depends on definite number of responses Activity slows after reinforcement then picks up Variable Ratio # of responses needed for reinforcement varies Highest reinforcement schedule Fixed Interval Reinforcement depends on a fixed time Activity increases as deadline nears Variable Interval Time between reinforcement varies Stead activity results

Skinner’s Box

 Works Cited  Cherry, K. (2013). About.com. Retrieved 4 21, 2013, from What is the Law of Effect:  Cherry, K. (n.d.). B.F. Skinner Biography. Retrieved 2 1, 2013, from About.com:  Culatta, R. (2013). Instructional Design. Retrieved 4 21, 2013, from Operant Conditioning:  McLeod, S. (2007). Skinner- Operant Conditioning. Retrieved 2 1, 2013, from Simply Psychology:  New World Encyclopedia. (2008, 4 4). New World Encyclopedia. Retrieved 4 21, 2013, from B.F. Skinner:  Zimmer, G. (1999). FTR. Retrieved 4 21, 2013, from B.F. Skinner:    