HAWAI‘I ROCKS (and minerals)

Oceanite (from Mauna Loa) – a basalt with >40% mafic phenocrysts, and all the phenocrysts are olivine. olivine

Ankaramite (from Hualālai) – a basalt with >40% mafic phenocrysts, and those phenocrysts consist of olivine and pyroxene olivine pyroxene

Pyroxene crystals, weathered out of ankaramite lavas, East Maui SW rift zone

Outer, weathered surface of ankaramite from Rarotonga, Cook Islands pyroxene

Freshly broken surface of ankaramite from Rarotonga, Cook Islands pyroxene olivine amygdule (former vesicle, now filled with some sort of secondary mineral)

Vesicular basalt (from Kohala) with lots of little clusters of plagioclase feldspar phenocrysts (and a few olivine phenocrysts). plagioclase feldspar olivine vesicle (frozen bubble)

Very fine-grained (almost glassy) basalt, from Wai‘anae

VIDEOS OF SUPER-COOLED WATER

Gabbro (from Wailau, Moloka‘i) plagioclase feldspar pyroxene

Granite (from Mojave desert, California) plagioclase feldspar quartz potassium feldspar biotite, or maybe hornblende

Obsidian, from near Mono Lake, California

Pumice from Pu‘u Wa‘awa‘a, Hualālai

Calcareous sandstone (from near Ko Olina, O‘ahu)

Fragment of pāhoehoe lava showing the rapidly-chilled (and therefore glassy) outer surface, and the more slowly-cooled (and therefore crystalline) interior