LEDS Global Partnership Advancing Climate-Resilient Low Emission Development Around the World LEDS/INDC/NAMA Connection Points April 2015

LEDS Global Partnership LEDS GP Catalyzes Action and Collaboration Across more than 160 Countries and International Organizations REGIONAL PLATFORMS Define priorities and conduct peer learning and collaboration Planning and Subnational Integration – Analysis Tools – Benefits Assessment and cooperation with Green Growth Best Practices & Climate Smart Planning Platform GLOBAL WORKING GROUPS Provide technical support and training The partnership was launched in 2011 and now engages government officials and experts from more than 80 countries and over 60 international organizations with logos of some of the international organizations shown here. The partnership is sponsored by several organizations with core support provided by the US government (State Department and USAID), UK government (through CDKN), and Inter-American Development Bank and likely additional core support in 2015 from the European Commission. Finance - Investment instruments, Public funds allocation, Donor financing Sectors - AFOLU, Energy, Transport, Waste (with CCAC) LEDS GP SECRETARIAT AND STEERING COMMITTEE

LEDS, INDCs and NAMAs – a few initial points on definitions LEDS - General consensus around definition: Economy-wide, development-driven, analytically robust strategies to reduce GHG emissions and achieve near and long term transformation. NAMAs and INDCs, however, have flexible definitions. NAMAs can be strategies, policies, projects or pledges to reduce GHG emissions. (ECN) INDCs can be GHG mitigation goals (base year, baseline, absolute, and intensity), policies or projects. (WRI) Flexible definitions can be positive as they allow countries to adapt instruments to country specific needs and circumstances. However, flexible definitions also create ambiguity in relation to connection points making possible links varied and vast; this knowledge product focuses on links emerging from initial country action and experience. 3

Connection Points Development & mitigation focus, critical alignment with national development goals Often long term – out to 2050 Often economy-wide/cross-sectoral Encompasses analysis, crucial process elements (e.g., inter-ministerial coordination, Stakeholder engagement), & implementation (policy, finance, subnational action, M&E) Iterative & Updated Over Time LEDS Often aligned with shorter term goals – 2025, 2030 Often sector or subnational focus Often supports more robust/detailed analysis of specific sectors or Policies over shorter timeframes, less focus on process INDC Mitigation focus Feeds into Paris Agreement Mitigation focus, but may be targeted at a subset of development goals Can be the means to reach near, medium & long term goals Often focused on specific projects & policies LEDS often provide overarching stakeholder process & framing for NAMAs, NAMAs drill down analysis to specific project/policy level to support implementation Portfolio of NAMAs can support long term implementation of LEDS & future iterations of LEDS NAMA Pre 2020 2020 - 2030 Post 2030 Gradients of green imply levels of robustness, based on current country activities and definitions. 4

LEDS, INDC, and NAMAs and Key Linkage Points Connection Points LEDS, INDC, and NAMAs and Key Linkage Points LEDS – Integrated development and mitigation (and resilience) long-term transformation plan, usually economy-wide INDCs – Countries commitment to address climate change through mitigation in line with national circumstances and capabilities NAMAs– Projects or programs to reduce GHG emissions with MRV linked to development goals and often with sector and shorter-term focus Timeframes LEDS can provide a longer term (e.g., to 2050) plan, while INDCs and NAMAs can support shorter term goals (e.g., to 2025). All catalyze near term action. High Level Framing & Process LEDS connect to development planning and establish stakeholder and inter-ministerial coordination. INDC’s establish official commitment. NAMAs advance specific programs and projects. Sector & Subnational Focus LEDS and INDCs can provide an overarching economy-wide framework for action, while NAMAs may have a sectoral or subnational focus. Analytical Focus LEDS, INDCs and NAMAs can integrate and/or leverage common analysis to improve overall robustness and the broader evidence base. 5

LEDS as a broader framework Connection Points LEDS as a broader framework To support large-scale and long term action, ideally, NAMAs and INDCs will be fully integrated building blocks of an overarching, cross-sectoral, development-focused, and inter-ministerial LEDS process. ALIGNING WITH DEVELOPMENT GOALS HOLISTIC CLIMATE & DEVELOPMENT APPROACH STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT & COORDINATION ROBUST ANALYSIS INTER- MINISTERIAL & SUBNATIONAL COORDINATION MITIGATION DEVELOPMENT NAMA INDC CLIMATE RESILIENCE PROCESS & ANALYTICAL ELEMENTS LEDS AS AN OVERARCHING FRAMEWORK 6

Country Experience Colombia – Overarching and robust LEDS as the foundation for INDCs and NAMAs LEDS/ECDBC *ECDBC is the foundation for Colombia’s INDC and NAMAs and both are fully aligned under broader ECDBC NAMAs *NAMAs developed based on Sectoral Mitigation Action Plans in ECDBC INDC *INDC will draw directly from ECDBC analysis *Some baseline recalculation and further economic impact analysis may occur and will feed back into ECDBC Comprehensive and robust mitigation and development approach

Country Experience Zambia – Development and sector-focused NAMAs and LEDS to feed into INDC *LEDS primarily focused on AFOLU *EC-LEDS and LEDS GP supported development-driven NAMAs with development impact assessment *NAMAs and LEDS could be the starting point for INDC and possible sectoral action plans (under INDC) *INDC could be the foundation for future economy-wide LEDS development *INDC may also support further development of NAMAs *LEDS and NAMAs provide a critical connection to country’s development priorities and support broader stakeholder engagement process *NAMAs and LEDS analysis could feed directly into INDC *INDC could provide additional analysis to inform ongoing LEDS development and support implementation through improving NAMAs

Country Experience Malawi – Common analysis feeds into INDC and LEDS activities occurring in parallel Analytical activities will feed into LEDS and INDC in parallel LEDS and INDC developed in parallel, but leveraging common analysis LEDS INDC Establish goals Mitigation action analysis Baseline analysis Complementary development and mitigation package Planned analytical activities

Concluding points LEDS, NAMA, INDC connection points can be made in relation to timeframe and sequencing, high level framing and process elements, sectoral and subnational focus, and analytical inputs. To support large-scale and long term action, ideally, NAMAs and INDCs will be fully integrated building blocks of an overarching, cross-sectoral, development-focused, and inter-ministerial LEDS process. As numerous countries develop LEDS, INDCs and NAMAs, coordination is critical; current efforts could be leveraged to support coordination such as: LEDS GP, International Partnership on Mitigation and MRV, BMU/DECC NAMA Facility. These partnerships can also enhance global knowledge on INDC/LEDS/NAMAs connection points through: Providing training and advisory support on integrated approaches leveraging programs such as CTC&N, REAL, etc.; Facilitating peer-to-peer exchanges of lessons learned and good practices; Development of global knowledge products on this topic. Many countries are just beginning the process of linking LEDS, NAMAs, and INDCs and further insights and good practices are expected to emerge over the next year.

Supplemental Slides

Practical Context LEDS – overview LEDS can provide a critical overarching structure for other mitigation actions such as NAMAs, INDCs, etc. Development is the central priority; LEDS actions must be aligned with development goals. Empowered inter-ministerial body is critical to effectively coordinate cross- sectoral efforts, ensure ministry buy-in, and serve as a central POC for donors. LEDS processes must have strong leadership from the from the top to catalyze long term budgetary and institutional support. Planning and implementation actions are both essential and should be effectively balanced. Lots of actors in the LEDS space and coordination is crucial. 12

Practical Context NAMAs - overview Nationally-driven, bottom-up projects, policies or strategies; aligned with development priorities Often sector-focused and fall under broader LEDS Finance and implementation remain challenging; MRV is critical to support finance Loose definition allows for flexibility, but may also impede finance; e.g., from development banks Finance and implementation remain challenging - support from BMU/DECC NAMA Facility MRV is key for finance and can be supported by resources such as WRI “GHG Protocol Policies and Actions Standard” GCF could have an impact on definition Source: mitigation-momentum-annual-status-report-nov-2014.pdf 13

Practical Context INDCs - overview INDCs are a country’s commitment to address climate change through GHG mitigation, in line with its national circumstances and capabilities. A measurable step toward the UNFCCC goal of keeping global average temperature rise below 2°C from pre-industrial levels Could include, for example: absolute or intensity-based GHG emission reduction targets from a specified baseline (more developed countries) implementing specific policies and measures in 1 or more economic sectors (countries with less capacity) different types of contributions for different sectors There is no formal agreement on the form or type of an INDC. A country could put forward an emissions intensity reduction target in one sector while putting forward policies and measures in other sectors. Though this approach would complicate the process of accounting for emissions reductions, it may help countries feel comfortable putting forward ambitious contributions that reflect their national circumstances and capabilities in various sectors. 14