Predicting Performance

Density Altitude Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature

Density Altitude High Hot Humid

Density Altitude Common methods of calculating include: Flight computer Density Altitude Chart

Density Altitude Moisture - effects not shown on performance charts High Humidity - engine horsepower reduction of 7% Takeoff and Climb performance 10%

Surface Winds Headwind or tailwind component a 10 knot headwind might improve performance by 10% a 10 knot tailwind might degrade performance by 40%

Surface Winds Crosswind component Demonstrated crosswind component

Runway Conditions Gradient greater than .3% it will be listed in A/FD Braking Effectiveness good, fair, poor, and nil Hydroplaning

Hydroplaning Dynamic Hydroplaning = X 8.6 = 30 X 8.6 = 47 Kts PSI

POH Prior to 1979 Owners Manual varied in content and format

Determine the density altitude for these conditions Altimeter Setting……………30.35 Runway Temperature………+25oF Airport Elevation……3,894 ft MSL

2,000 feet

The surface wind is 180° at 30 knots. What is the crosswind component for a RWY 15 landing.

15 knots

The surface wind is 180° at 20 knots. What is the headwind component for a RWY 12 landing.

10 Knots

Performance Charts Experience Test Pilots Factory new Airplanes Repeated Tests using Best Results Format -Table -Graphic

Takeoff Charts Ground Roll Distance to clear a 50 foot barrier

Rate of Climb Takeoff power Maximum continuous power Temperature Pressure Altitude Airplane Weight

Rate of Climb Provide information on time, fuel and distance required to climb from one altitude to another Subtract values from starting altitude

Cruise Charts Range is the distance an airplane can travel with a given amount of fuel Endurance is the length of time the airplane can remain in the air

Cruise Charts Maximum range is at L/Dmax or best glide speed Maximum endurance is about 76% or best glide speed Generally close to stall speed

Descent Charts Not found for most aircraft Often overlooked by pilots As you start flying higher and faster, you must start planning your descents farther from the intended point of landing

Glide Charts With GPS and the ability to have navigation data to the nearest airfield with the touch of a button, you should be able to mentally calculate if you can glide to the nearest airfield

Stall Speeds As angle of bank increases, stall speed increases As flap deflection is increased, stall speed decreases

Landing Charts Ground roll Over a 50 foot obstacle