END OF 9 WEEKS RETESTS Chapter 4

Folk Culture vs Popular Culture Folk culture: what is it? Popular culture: what is it?

Folk culture: more likely to vary place to place at a given time Popular culture: more likely to vary time to time at a given place

Two Types of Culture Daily necessities Leisure activities

Hearths Hearths of folk culture: often unknown, anonymous, unidentifiable Hearths of popular culture: often from developed countries, identifiable sources  Examples: blue jeans (Levi’s), movies (Hollywood)

Diffusion Folk culture: slow diffusion; usually occurs via migration (relocation diffusion)  Why? Popular culture: quick diffusion  Example: clothing (runway in Milan to factory in Asia to clothing store in North America)

Diffusion How does it occur?  Electronic media (specifically, TV)  Does everyone have a TV?  How does this affect people without electronic media access?  Pattern of TV, Internet, social media

External and Internal Threats to Folk Culture External: receiving content from a few developed countries that could contradict folk culture ideas and preferences Internal: people inside the countries creating their own content, which weakens government monopolies on information

Sustainable Folk Culture? Threatened in the face of popular culture

Sustainable Popular Culture? Pollution of the landscape (includes uniformity) Depletion of scarce natural resources