Genetics College Biology. Gregor Mendel Mid 1800’s, Austrian monk. Introduced probability to genetics Mated pea plants.

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Presentation transcript:

Genetics College Biology

Gregor Mendel Mid 1800’s, Austrian monk. Introduced probability to genetics Mated pea plants

Cross-pollination Produce seeds that have two different plants as parents

Traits Specific characteristic

Genes Chemical factors that determine traits

Alleles Different forms of the gene

The Principle of Dominance States that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.

Law of Segregation Alleles for each trait are segregated from each other during the formation of sex cells, gametes.

Probability Likelihood that a particular event will occur.

Punnett Squares Used to predict and compare the genetic variations that will result from a cross

Homozygous Two identical alleles - Dominant: TT - Recessive: tt

Heterozygous Two different alleles

Phenotype Physical characteristics

Genotype Genetic makeup

Law of Independent Assortment Genes of different traits can segregate independently of each other Dihybrid cross

Incomplete Dominance Heterozygous phenotypes are a mix of the two homozygous parents

Codominance Both alleles contribute to the phenotype

Multiple Alleles: more than two alleles

Polygenic Traits Having many genes that determine a trait Skin color, eye color