Britain Before Reform. England’s Population 1701: 5 million 1750: 5.8 million 1801: 8.67 million 1831: 13.3 million.

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Presentation transcript:

Britain Before Reform

England’s Population 1701: 5 million 1750: 5.8 million 1801: 8.67 million 1831: 13.3 million

Aristocracy and Gentry Not much change to 1815 More mannered after

Education Eton

Harrow

Public School Not private tutors, so public (with others) Not state supported

Eton Uniform

Aristocratic Roles Politics Business Idleness Military Church

Primogeniture Eldest son inherits everything Contractual tradition Result: fewer titled nobility

Middle Class Home-centered Women not to work

Laboring Classes Hand workers Artisans Agricultural workers Servants

Poverty natural Not degrading Poor relief ok Deserving vs. Undeserving poor

Poor Law Elizabethan

Government Mixed (one, many, few)

Sir William Blackstone Blackstone’s Commentaries

Who? Property owners Great landlords most influential Industrialization brings discontent

Parliament in 1815 House of Lords –360 members House of Commons –658 members (489 English) –County and Borough members

Rotton Borough Old Sarum

Local Government Counties and Boroughs

County Lord Lieutenant Justices of the Peace –Supervised roads –Licensed estates –regulated liquor –Set poor rates

Parishes 10,000 in England and Wales Vestry

Conclusion Britain unbureaucratic and uncentralized