DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-1 Perspectives and Challenges for Undergraduate Programs in Systems Engineering 7 April 2010 Stephen Welby Director, Systems Engineering Office of the Secretary of Defense

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-2 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Department of Defense We are a nation at warWe are a nation at war Over 1.3 million active duty men and womenOver 1.3 million active duty men and women Over 684,000 civiliansOver 684,000 civilians Over 1.1 million Guard & ReservesOver 1.1 million Guard & Reserves Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, Marines DoD Mission: Provide the military forces needed to deter warProvide the military forces needed to deter war Protect the security of our countryProtect the security of our country

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-3 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Key DoD Themes 1.Take care of our people 2.Rebalancing the Military 3.Reforming what and how we buy 4.Supporting our troops in the field Secretary of Defense HASC Budget Rollout Brief February 2010

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-4 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Rebalance the Force 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review 1.Defend the United States and Support Civil Authorities at Home 2.Succeed in Counterinsurgency, Stability, and Counterterrorism Operations 3.Build the Security Capacity of Partner States 4.Deter and Defeat Aggression in Anti- Access Environments 5.Prevent Proliferation and Counter Weapons of Mass Destruction 6.Operate Effectively in Cyberspace

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-5 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Our Guidance Quadrennial Defense Review Executive Summary, February 2010 − Further rebalance the capabilities of America’s Armed Forces to prevail in today’s wars, while building the capabilities needed to deal with future threats − Further reform the Department’s institutions and processes to better support the current needs of the warfighter; buy weapons that are usable, affordable and truly needed; and ensure that taxpayer dollars are spent wisely and responsibly − Preserve and enhance the All-Volunteer Force − Improve how it matches requirements with mature technologies, maintains disciplined systems engineering approaches, institutionalizes rapid acquisition capabilities, and implements more comprehensive testing Quadrennial Defense Review Report Preface Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates, February 2010 –United States needs a broad portfolio of military capabilities with maximum versatility across the widest possible spectrum of conflict

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-6 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Key Challenges to our Technical Base Time Impact Shift in Technical Talent Base Commercial Tech Areas Foreign Time Shift in Technical Talent Base Increasing Pace of Innovation Global Access to Technology Foreign Time DoD Technical Talent

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-7 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Irregular/Hybrid Warfare Human Terrain Ubiquitous Observation Contextual Exploitation Scaleable Action Perspective for the Next Decade Enabling Technologies Defense Capabilities National Security Challenges Collapse of Soviet Union OIF OEF Desert Storm Bosnia C4ISR Stealth High Performance Computing Precision Strike Night Vision UAV Cold War Vietnam War Superconductors Composite Materials MIMIC VHSIC MEMS ICBM LGB’s Nuclear propulsion Satellite comms GPS Robotics Transistor Space tracking Digital computing Kosovo Web protocols Solid state laser IR Sensors Advanced Electronics, Photonics Algorithms, MEMS Nano; Meta; & New Materials Cognitive Computing Bio-Revolution

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-8 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. The DoD Process

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-9 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. The Challenge of Rapid Fielding Lessons Learned Feedback Industry US Govt Services IC DARPA Coalition Program of Record Prototype Capability Terminate ProblemIdentificationSolutionMatchingImplementationToolsTransition JUONS COCOM Requests Anticipated Needs OSD Academia Rapid Equipping Force JIEDDO Rapid Fielding Office Rapid Capabilities Office Others Role of Systems Engineering in Rapid Fielding?

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-10 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Support for Change Establishes Director, Systems Engineering as principal systems engineering advisor to the SECDEF and the USD(AT&L) Requires Congressional reporting on Systems Engineering Capabilities and MDAP achievement of measurable performance criteria WSARA signed into law 22 May 2009 Director, Systems Engineering on board 21 Sep 2009 Implementing DTM signed by USD(AT&L) 4 Dec 2009; Acquisition Guidance on-line 31 Jan 2010 DoD Directive formalizing responsibilities of Director, Systems Engineering in development First annual WSARA SE / DT&E Joint Report delivered to Congress 31 Mar 2010 MDAP- Major Defense Acquisition Program (USC 2430) President Barack Obama hands a pen to U.S. Rep. Robert Andrews (D-NJ) as he signs the Weapons Systems Acquisition Reform Act in the Rose Garden at the White House Friday, May 22, Standing from left are: Andrews, Rep. John McHugh (R- NY), Sen. Carl Levin (D-MI), Rep. Ike Skelton (D-MO) and Rep. Mike Conaway (R-TX). Official White House Photo by Samantha Appleton Weapon Systems Acquisition Reform Act of 2009 (Public Law )

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-11 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Systems Engineering Mission We execute substantive technical engagement throughout the acquisition life cycle with major and selected acquisition efforts across DoD We apply best engineering practices to: –Help program managers identify and mitigate risks –Shape technical planning and management –Support and advocate for DoD Component initiatives –Provide technical insight to OSD stakeholders –Identify systemic issues for resolution above the program level –Support Knowledge Based Decision Making We are the “E” in DDR&E

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-12 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Addressing Emerging Challenges on the Frontiers of Systems Engineering Analysis of Complex Systems/Systems of Systems Development Planning/Early SE Program Protection/Acquisition Cyber Security University and Industrial Engineering Research Supporting USD(AT&L) Decisions with Independent Engineering Expertise Engineering Assessment / Mentoring of Major Defense Programs Program Support Reviews OIPT / DAB / ITAB Support Systems Engineering Plans Systemic Root Cause Analysis Mission Assurance Nicholas Torelli Major Program Support James Thompson Systems Analysis Kristen Baldwin Leading Systems Engineering Practice in DoD and Industry Systems Engineering Policy, Guidance, and Standards Specialty Engineering (System Safety, Reliability / Availability / Maintainability, Quality, Manufacturing, Producibility, Human Systems Integration (HSI)) Technical Workforce Development Providing technical support and systems engineering leadership and oversight to USD(AT&L) in support of planned and ongoing acquisition programs Director, Systems Engineering Stephen Welby Terry Jaggers, Principal Deputy Director, Systems Engineering

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-13 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Systems Engineering Contributions to Acquisition Systems-level technical leadership Risk identification and management Interface management Life cycle focus Robust exploration of the need Achievable system design Integration of technical disciplines

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-14 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. SE Research Needs Flexible system design –Agile systems/products/architectures –Flexible systems engineering processes and methods –Capture agility, adaptability, responsiveness as design attributes Education and Workforce accelerants: at individual, corporate and national levels Early systems engineering and development planning –Melding of ops requirements with early systems engineering to highlight promising technical solutions: the “art of the possible” Engineering System of Systems –Addressing the challenge of complexity

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-15 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Challenges Ahead Create the tools to enable Rapid Capability Delivery –Shorten the time to deliver life-saving and war-winning technologies – without compromising SE integrity Expand the aperture of SE to address 21st century technical challenges –Security, software-intensive, etc… Embrace complexity –Systems of Systems / Complex Adaptive Systems / Emergent behaviors Expand the SE human capital resource base –Reflect new insights in curricula to grow the next “crop” of SE

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-16 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Systems 2020 NEW INTELLIGENT TOOLS & APPROACHES Engineering Design TestConstruction Trusted Assured Reliable Interoperable

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-17 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Systems Engineer - The Best Job in America? Source: c 2010 Focus - Used with permission.

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-18 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. What Are Our Expectations of Our Systems Engineering Workforce? Breadth –Awareness of and appreciation for other functional areas, –Understanding of the system lifecycle and processes –Knowledge of other engineering disciplines and how they integrate into the system solution –Knowledge of product domains Depth –Extensive expertise and experience in one or more engineering disciplines and in one or more product domains Leadership –Ability to motivate and inspire individuals and teams –Comfort in dealing with complexity –Focused on underpinning decisions with data –Capability to make tough technical decisions

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-19 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Systems Thinking in Undergraduate Engineering Preparing students to: –Think holistically about complex problems –Understand the role of the system in its operational context –Understand the parts of the system in the larger context of the system –Understand both the interactive nature of the system and the role of feedback in the system –Understand the impact of changes to the system and how system behavior can evolve over time –Understand common models of life-cycle capability delivery: conceptualization, requirements definition, design, development, production, deployment, operation and retirement –Appreciate the societal context in which we deliver capability: economic efficiency, environmental stewardship, and safety of life and property

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-20 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Undergraduate Systems Engineering Issues What are the critical educational requirements for entry-level Systems Engineers? What is the real market, in both government and industry, for undergraduate systems engineers? What is the proper mix of classical engineering instruction and application domain focus in a bachelor’s degree in systems engineering? Is the undergraduate curriculum a zero-sum game – and if so what do we displace with systems engineering coursework and related projects? Is a Bachelors-level systems engineering appropriate and effective as a terminal degree?

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-21 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Challenges to this Workshop Is a Bachelors-level Systems Engineering an adequate replacement for a degree in a traditional engineering discipline? –What is gained and what is lost? –What is the role of working experience in developing effective system engineers? –Should Systems Engineering only be offered as a graduate level specialization? What is the correct Body of Knowledge for entry-level Systems Engineering and how should it be delivered? How can we develop better instructional materials to support modern Systems Engineering education? What can we do to enable and promote the acceleration of experience for Systems Engineers?

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-22 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Opportunities Acquisition reform efforts have recognized criticality of strong Systems Engineering focus for program success –Systems Engineering toolkit focused on identifying and managing risk – development risk, production risk and life-cycle Growing focus on addressing “early-acquisition” phases - requirements definition, development planning, and early acquisition systems engineering support –Leading to more informed decisions at MS B Our development processes need to evolve to provide faster product cycles, more adaptable products and address emerging challenges Future US Defense capabilities depend on a capable US engineering workforce in and out of government –Need to create opportunities to grow future “Engineering Heroes”

Undergraduate SE Workshop /07/2010 Page-23 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A -- Cleared for public release by OSR on 5 Apr SR case number 10-S-1547 refers. Systems Engineering: Critical to Program Success Innovation, Speed and Agility