Systematics of Temperature Measurements with ALADIN ALADIN S114 Spring 1993

ALADIN S114 Au+Au, Cu, Al, 600 A MeV T HeLi shows the target invariance that is exhibited by the partitions and suggested as indicating equilibration prior to breakup cf. Schüttauf et al. NPA (1996)

ALADIN S114 and S A MeV T HeLi target spectator T HeLi projectile spectator T 5Li target spectator T 4He target spectator T HeLi and excited-state temperatures diverge as multifragment channels start to dominate at Z bound < 50 cf. Serfling et al., PRL(1998), Xi et al., PRC (1998)

ALADIN S114 and S117 Au+Au Systematics of apparent temperatures: heavier fragments and excited states don't follow the rise of T HeLi in more violent collisions (from T. Odeh, thesis) 600, 1000

Multifragmentation with ALADIN and INDRA ALADIN S254 March – August 2003 projectiles 197 Au, 107,124 Sn, 124 La Multifragmentation reactions at SIS energies probe highly excited nuclear systems at densities higher and lower than that of ground-state nuclei. New results: directed and elliptic flow in Au+Au; transition of the fragmentation dynamics from the Fermi to the participant-spectator regime; symmetry energy from isoscaling in spectator fragmentation (partly published). Of particular interest are phenomena related to the liquid-gas phase transition of nuclear matter. New results: isotope dependence of breakup temperatures; source shape determination (submitted). Asymmetric systems with extreme proton-to- neutron ratios are studied in experiments using secondary beams provided by the Fragment Separator FRS. New experiment S254: first use of secondary projectiles 107 Sn and 124 La for reaction studies (analysis in progress). Future projects: density dependence of the symmetry energy (ALADIN/FOPI). Experiments: INDRA at GSI November 1997 – April 1999 Au+Au, Xe+Sn, C+Au, 112,124 Sn