Cytoplasmic Degradation of Splice- Defective Pre-mRNAs and Intermediates Patricia J. Hilleren and Roy Parker Hilleren et al., Mol. Cell 2003 Charu Shukla

Steady state level of a pre-mRNA depends on: Rate of synthesis Rate of splicing Rate of degradation Observed changes in steady state levels of splice defective RNA are assumed to result from a direct change in decay rates. No direct measurement of the decay rates have been reported.

Reporter system to measure decay rates of defective pre mRNA Combination of pulse chase experiments and the measurement of decay from steady state.

GAL-mPGK1pG-WT (pRP1096) ANALYSIS OF Pre-mRNA DEGRADATION

GAL-mPGK1pG-C1GAL-mPGK1pG-A257

THE C1 and A257 Pre-mRNA DEGRADE VIA CYTOPLASMIC 5’ TO 3’ mRNA TURNOVER PATHWAY Dcp1/Dcp2p- Decapping enzymes, initiate 5’ to 3’ decay pathway

Xrn1p- 5’ to 3’ exoribonuclease (cytoplasm) Rat1p- 5’ to 3’ exonuclease (nucleus) DECAY FROM STEADY STATE EXPERIMENTS

Pre mRNA that fail to assemble spliceosomes are exported and degraded by the cytoplasmic 5’ to 3’ mRNA turnover machinery. What about the nuclear exosome components??

TRANSCRIPTION PULSE-CHASE ANALYSIS OF C303 REPORTER RNA Rrp6p- nuclear exosome cofactor1.Spicing is blocked 2.Lariat intermediate following the pulse degrades over time 5’ to 3’

Rrp44-1-temp sensitive lesion of core exosome component Rrp44p Dbr1p- endoribonuclease that cleaves 2’ to 5’ phosphodiester bonds Responsible for clearing the lariat byproduct of splicing  Degradation of lariat-exon2 splice defective intermediate is NOT dependent on nuclear exosome  Role of Dbr1p in initiating degradation. Novel 3’ trimmed Species

Rat1p-Nuclear exonuclease (5’ to 3’)Xrn1p-cytoplasmic exonuclease (5’ to 3’) Lariat intermediate degrades by debranching followed by degradation by Xrnp1 and/or Ski2p

3’ trimmed species

3’ trimmed species Abundance of C303 lariat intermediates and decay intermediates using P32-labelled oRP141 Reprobe to detect 7sRNA levels In the absence of debranching, cytoplasmic exosome degrades the lariat intermediate.

Dbr1p FUNCTIONS IN QUALITY CONTROL DURING PRE mRNA SPLICING

MODEL FOR KINETIC COMPETITION AMONG PROCESSES THAT IMPACT FATES OF YEAST PRE mRNA

Conclusions Pre mRNA not associating with the spliceosomes are degraded in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic pathway of degradation for lariat intermediates:  Debranching (Dbr1p) followed by 5’ to 3’ degradation (Xrn1p)  Debranching blocked: 3’ to 5’ degradation  No role of nuclear exosome in metabolism, stability or abundance of C303 lariat intermediate