Mining and Railroading Gold and Silver Boom, Problems with Mining, the Railroad
A Boom in Gold and Silver 1849 – Gold discovered in California 1859 – Gold and silver discovered in the Sierra Nevada's Comstock Lode – Henry Comstock claimed a mine loaded with silver Lode – rich vein of gold or silver 1870 – Gold discovered in the Black Hills in South Dakota 1890 – Gold discovered in Alaska
Boomtowns to Ghost Towns Boomtowns – Towns that sprung up due to a discovery of gold or silver Ex. Virginia City, Nevada Process Miners Traders and Merchants Hotels and Restaurants Women – ran boardinghouses, laundries, or restaurants Ghost Town – After the gold and silver was gone, people left the area
Problems Along the Mining Frontier Pollution of Streams Deforestation Pushing out Native Americans Ex: Sioux from the Black Hills Discrimination Ex: Mexicans and Chinese were taxed or forced to work on others claims Large companies took over Lawlessness Vigilantes ruled
The Railroads 1863 – race to build the first transcontinental railroad – stretches across continent from coast to coast Union Pacific – built west Central Pacific – built east Federal Government – gave subsidies (financial aid or land grant) to help spur the economy Combined both railroad companies received 45 acres of land
Working on the Railroad Labor was scarce during the Civil War Used immigrants to build the railroad Central – used Chinese Union – used Irish Both sides used Mexicans and African Americans Central Pacific had to cut a path through the Sierra Nevada Mountains Union Pacific had to cut through the Rockies
Promontory Point
Railroads Promote Growth The two railroads met at Promontory Point, UT on May 10, 1869 Gave the country the hope of feeling united Enabled people, supplies, and mail to go quickly Towns and Cities developed at railroad points Ex: Seattle, San Francisco New territories applied for statehood Nevada (1864), Colorado (1876), North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, and Washington (1889), Idaho and Wyoming (1890)
Activity Imagine you are a railroad official in Write a short speech (2 paragraphs) to celebrate the completion of the first transcontinental railroad. In your speech, explain how you think the railroad will benefit the nation.