Geologic Story of Minnesota (as told by its rocks) Part II: Phanerozoic Rocks.

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Presentation transcript:

Geologic Story of Minnesota (as told by its rocks) Part II: Phanerozoic Rocks

Geologic Timescale Today’sLecture

Evolution of the Penokean Mountains St. CLOUD JAY COOKE HIBBING

1,000,000,000 Years Ago Minnesota becomes the stable interior of the North American Continent 500,000,000 Years Ago Shallow seas begin to periodically flood Minnesota

The Cambrian Explosion of Life

Snowball Earth Snowball Earth The Trigger of the Cambrian Explosion??

The Carbon Cycle

Supercontinent Rodinia ~750 Ma

Paleozoic Epicontinental Seas

Geography of Middle Laurentia in Paleozoic Time

The Jordan Sandstone Unconformity Missing Fossils

Advanced Transgression Regression

Paleozoic Formations of the Midwest Twin Cities

Ordovician Rocks of the Mississippi River Bluffs Mound Park Minnehaha Falls Ford Dam and Lock P-Platteville Limestone G-Glenwood Shale S-St. Peter Sandstone P P P G-- S S S

Fossil Hunting in the Twin Cities Lilydale Park (the Brickyard)

Paleogeography at the End of the Paleozoic

Extinctions at the End of the Paleozoic Snowball Earth?

Western Interior Seaway

Cretaceous Deposits in Minnesota Lignite and shale in southern Minnesota Conglomerate and sandstone on banded iron formation in north-central Minnesota Deeply weathered gneiss in Southwestern Minnesota

The Coleraine Formation

High Sediment Production Low Sediment Production Why don’t dinosaur fossils occur in Minnesota?

The Break-up of Pangea

The Bedrock Geology of Minnesota is Complete