Emergency Management Education: A Status Report Body of Knowledge & Higher Education Program Report Carol L. Cwiak North Dakota State University

Many thanks to Dr. Blanchard and Barbara Johnson for all they do for our community on a day-to-day basis! Thank You! Thank You! Thank you members of the Hi Ed Community for your participation!

Methodology Methodology  Invitation to participate in the online survey sent via to all institutions on the FEMA Hi Ed webpage offering emergency management programs  One survey per institution  Up to four requests for participation  Initial solicitation April 19…accepted surveys through May 28 surveys through May 28

Methodology Methodology Institutions solicited 140 Responses received 58 Response rate 41%  Institution increase from 2009: + 11  Still issues with repetitively non-responsive institutions – contacts need updating

Methodology Methodology  58 surveys completed, but response n varies  This presentation is merely a brief summary of this year’s data collection summary of this year’s data collection  The full report will be posted on the Hi Ed website in the Surveys section: Hi Ed website in the Surveys section:

Students and Graduates 7,730 Number of students that graduated this year (extrapolated from response of 3,414/44%) (extrapolated from response of 3,414/44%) 13,400 Number of students reached by EM program courses - includes enrolled students (extrapolated from response of 5,494/41%) 2,029 Number of students that graduated this year (extrapolated from response of 832/41%) this year (extrapolated from response of 832/41%) 11, 319 Number of students that have graduated to-date from EM graduated to-date from EM programs to date programs to date (current extrapolation added to 2009 figure of 9,290) (current extrapolation added to 2009 figure of 9,290)

Students n = 52

Employment Tracking Number of programs that track what percentage of their graduates have moved into emergency management oriented positions in the workplace in either the public or private sector n = 57

n = 32 Number of Graduates Who Move Into EMOriented Positions Into EM-Oriented Positions n = 21 Do not track employment Do track employment (estimated)

Programs Reported 106 programs reported n=58

Programs –Years in Existence  51% of all reporting programs in existence for 5 years or less years or less

New Programs 15 institutions reported plans to develop a new program over the reported plans to develop a new program over the next year Types of new programs:  M.S., A.S., Minor, Certificate  Focus/Concentration/Emphasis GIS, Meteorology, Search and Rescue Disaster Mental Health Homeland Security & Defense/Terrorism Business Continuity Public Policy Emergency Service  Going online with curriculum

Program Focus  Global  Business Continuity  Public Health  School Crisis Management  Critical Infrastructure  All EM markets – public/private n = 53

Program Purpose  Existing EM practitioners seeking degree  Military wanting to segue into field  Non-profit sector/humanitarian assistance  Undergrad focus - pre-employment/grad focus - advancement  Advancement for fire and police chiefs n = 54

Faculty Representation Full-time Faculty None 5% * 1 41% 222% % n = 37*

Part-time Faculty None 8% 1 6% 2-546% % % Faculty Representation n = 48 Associated Faculty None 27% 1 15% 2-546% 6-108% % n = 26

Faculty Representation Full-time Faculty Devoted to Program None 37% 137% 213% 3 7% 4-7 6% n = 52

New Hires? Did not attempt to hire 59% Attempted to hire, but did not hire 9% Hired new faculty 32% 17 institutions - 55 new hires  Full-time 6  Part-time 49  Offering courses via distance ed 43 New Hires n = 54

Programs Offering Distance Education n = 54

Percentage of Offerings Available - Distance Education n= 40

Percentage of Offerings Available – Only via Distance Education n= 41 29% of overall respondents reported all coursework was delivered only via distance education

Technology-based Instruction n= 52 Technology Number of Institutions TeachingGIS28 Hazus16 Web EOC/ Other web-based EOC system 22 Social networking 19 Media software 16 Other (LMS, Blackboard, 2 nd Life, Web Tycho) 8 None5

Enrollment and Graduation Trends n = 53n = 52n = 50n = 51 70% 23% 7% 77% 20% 3% 65% 31% 4% 76% 21% 3%

Principles of Emergency Management n = 52  Principles are used in varying degrees across a wide variety of courses, both as course content and to structure courses

Resource Utilization n = 52 56% 12% 46%

EMI IS Courses n = 29

Disaster Response Operations & Management (15)  Disaster Response Operations & Management (15)  Principles & Practice of Hazard Mitigation (10)  Social Dimensions of Disaster (9)  Terrorism & Emergency Management (9)  Hazard Mapping & Modeling (9)  Principles & Practice of Emergency Management (8)  NIMS (working draft) (8)  Building Disaster Resilient Communities (7)  Business & Industry Crisis Management (7)  Public Administration & Emergency Management (7)  Homeland Security & Emergency Management (7) Hi Ed Courses

Hi Ed Courses - Accolades  Availability  Free of charge  Assignment ideas  Concise, focused, useful, complete  Good starting point & background information  Helpful for course design  Can be used in parts - don’t need to use entire course  Contain relevant research & provide class activities

Access & Support Indicators: External Funding Access to external funding opportunities to support your program (e.g., grants, contracts, etc.) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Institutional Funding Access to institutional funding (e.g., stipends to develop courses/materials) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Library Resources Access to library resources (e.g., ability to obtain new holdings) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Institutional Administrative Support Institutional administrative support (e.g., support attempts to develop and implement new program ideas) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Local EM Community Support Local emergency management community support (e.g., county and regional) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: State EM Community Support State emergency management community support (e.g., state level agency and state professional organization) n = 50

Access & Support Indicators: National EM Community Support National emergency management professional community support (e.g., IAEM, NEMA, EMPOWER, etc.) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: FEMA-specific Support FEMA-specific support (e.g., Hi Ed Program, EMI, etc.) n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: DHS-specific Support DHS-specific support (e.g., overarching DHS programs & agencies within DHS other than FEMA- specific support) n = 49

Table 2- Representation Across Program Level Access/SupportnMean Std. Deviation Access to external funding opportunities to support your program (e.g., grants, contracts, etc.) Access to institutional funding (e.g., stipends to develop courses/materials) Access to library resources (e.g., ability to obtain new holdings) Institutional administrative support (e.g., support attempts to develop & implement new program ideas) Local emergency management community support (e.g., county and regional) State emergency management community support (e.g., state-level agency & state professional organization) National emergency management professional community support (e.g., IAEM, NEMA, EMPOWER, etc.) FEMA-specific support (e.g., Higher Education Program, EMI, etc.) DHS-specific support (e.g., overarching DHS programs & agencies within DHS other than FEMA-specific support)

The Top Challenges Facing Emergency Management Programs 1. Funding Programs, faculty, research, Programs, faculty, research, students, travel students, travel 2. Faculty Ph.D., qualified, higher quality, Ph.D., qualified, higher quality, research ability research ability

The Top Challenges Facing Emergency Management Programs 3. Jobs Limited number of jobs, Limited number of jobs, build and maintain good job market, stronger job placement build and maintain good job market, stronger job placement 4. Enrollment/recruitment Higher quality students, better Higher quality students, better marketing, increased competition marketing, increased competition

Qualifications and Characteristics for Director of FEMA Hi Ed Program  Clone Dr. Blanchard  Holds a Ph.D.  Experience- academic: classroom & administrative  Experience- practitioner and ties to the field  Knowledge of the literature  Dedication to EM  Appreciation of the value of Hi Ed  Fully committed to FEMA ideals  Collaborative approach with partners  Stakeholder awareness

Qualifications and Characteristics for Director of FEMA Hi Ed Program  Understanding of the private sector  Understands FEMA & FEMA/DHS disconnect  Leadership skills  Advocacy for EM as a profession  Big picture viewpoint  Ability to do and understand research  Evidence of scholarship  Strong communication skills  Change agent – progressive thinker  Strong advisory relationship

Qualifications and Characteristics for Director of FEMA Hi Ed Program  Politically astute, but not a politician  Charismatic, outgoing, enthusiastic, energetic  Ability to move bureaucracies  Ability to work with ambiguity

Body of Knowledge Methodology  Following up on Body of Knowledge from prior years from prior years  This year program POCs were surveyed as part of the Hi Ed survey surveyed as part of the Hi Ed survey  The survey instrument asked for the top ten EM “must reads” for the top ten EM “must reads”  Very limited responses

Body of Knowledge Methodology  20 responses received that actually listed books  Of these 20, only 1 respondent listed 10 items  Most respondents provided one to four selections selections  POC frame problematic – defer to faculty  List of top seven provides all readings that were mentioned more than three times mentioned more than three times

Practitioner List 2009Academic List 2008Practitioner List 2007Academic List Principles of Emergency Management (Blanchard, et al.) Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell)Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disaster (Waugh) Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) 2NIMSIntroduction to Emergency Management (Haddow & Bullock) Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer) Introduction to Emergency Management (Haddow & Bullock) 3NFPA 1600Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs (Canton) Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin) Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry) 4NRF*Introduction to Emergency Management (Lindell, Prater & Perry) FEMA-IS 100/200 – ICS 300, 400 & 402 Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disaster (Waugh) 5Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) The 9/11 Commission Report 6Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin) Emergency Management Principles and Practices for Local Government (Waugh & Tierney) NIMSDisasters & Democracy (Platt) 7Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer)* Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell) At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability & Disasters (Wisner, et al.) Disaster Response and Recovery (McEntire) Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry) Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disasters (Waugh) NRF* Technology in Emergency Management (Pine) NRP*NIMS

Academic List 2010Practitioner List 2009Academic List 2008Practitioner List Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) Principles of Emergency Management (Blanchard, et al.) Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell)Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disaster (Waugh) 2Introduction to Emergency Management (Lindell, Prater & Perry) NIMSIntroduction to Emergency Management (Haddow & Bullock) Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer) 3Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry) NFPA 1600Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs (Canton) Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin) Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) 4Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin) NRF*Introduction to Emergency Management (Lindell, Prater & Perry) FEMA-IS 100/200 – ICS 300, 400 & 402 5Disaster Policy & Politics (Sylves)Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) The 9/11 Commission Report 6Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs (Canton) Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin) Emergency Management Principles and Practices for Local Government (Waugh & Tierney) NIMS 7Worst Cases (Clarke) Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell) Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer)* Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell) At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability & Disasters (Wisner, et al.) Disaster Response and Recovery (McEntire) Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry) Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disasters (Waugh) NRF* Technology in Emergency Management (Pine) NRP*

Calls, letters, s, visits, gifts… Carol L. Cwiak, J.D., Ph.D. Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Emergency Management North Dakota State University NDSU Dept P.O. Box 6050 Fargo, ND (701)