Describing a Real Source 1) Identify m of real source and adjust T in to line up m 2) The ratio of: 3) Measure T w ( ) to calculate  ( ) Ingle and Crouch,

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Describing a Real Source 1) Identify m of real source and adjust T in to line up m 2) The ratio of: 3) Measure T w ( ) to calculate  ( ) Ingle and Crouch, Spectrochemical Analysis

Nernst Glower Rare earth oxides formed into a cylinder (1-2 mm diameter, ~20mm long) Pass current to give: T = 1200 – 2200 K Can operate in air (no need for glass/quartz enclosure) Ingle and Crouch, Spectrochemical Analysis Douglas A. Skoog and James J. Leary, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth, 1992.

Globar Silicon Carbide Rod (5mm diameter, 50 mm long) Heated electrically to 1300 – 1500 K Positive temperature coefficient of resistance Electrical contact must be water cooled to prevent arcing Ingle and Crouch, Spectrochemical Analysis